A deep dive into the 2g+h resonance: separatrices, manifolds and phase space structure of navigation satellites

DOI10.1007/S10569-021-10060-6zbMATH Open1482.70024arXiv2107.14507OpenAlexW3192774253MaRDI QIDQ2073341FDOQ2073341

Authors: Jérôme Daquin, Edoardo Legnaro, Ioannis Gkolias, C. Efthymiopoulos 

Publication date: 1 February 2022

Published in: Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Despite extended past studies, several questions regarding the resonant structure of the medium-Earth orbit (MEO) region remain hitherto unanswered. This work describes in depth the effects of the $2g+h$ lunisolar resonance. In particular, (i) we compute the correct forms of the separatrices of the resonance in the inclination-eccentricity space for fixed semi-major axis. This allows to compute the change in the width of the $2g+h$ resonance as the altitude increases. (ii) We discuss the crucial role played by the value of the inclination of the Laplace plane, $i_L$. Since $i_L$ is comparable to the resonance's separatrix width, the parametrization of all resonance bifurcations has to be done in terms of the proper inclination $i_p$, instead of the mean one. (iii) The subset of circular orbits constitutes an invariant subspace embedded in the full phase space, the center manifold $mathcalC$. Using $i_p$ as a label, we compute its range of values for which $mathcalC$ becomes a normally hyperbolic invariant manifold (NHIM). The structure of invariant tori in $mathcalC$ allows to explain the role of the initial phase $h$ noticed in several works. (iv) Through Fast Lyapunov Indicator (FLI) cartography, we portray the stable and unstable manifolds of the NHIM as the altitude increases. Manifold oscillations dominate in phase space between $a=24,000$ km and $a=30,000$ km as a result of the sweeping of the $2g+h$ resonance by the $h-Omeg{a}_{mMoon}$ and $2h-Omeg{a}_{mMoon}$ resonances. The noticeable effects of the latter are explained as a consequence of the relative inclination of the Moon's orbit with respect to the ecliptic. The role of the phases $(h,Omeg{a}_{mMoon})$ in the structures observed in the FLI maps is also clarified. Finally,(v) we discuss how the understanding of the manifold dynamics could inspire end-of-life disposal strategies.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.14507

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zbMATH Keywords

chaotic dynamicsGNSSorbital resonancessatellite orbitsmanifold dynamicsmedium-Earth orbit

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Orbital mechanics (70M20) Parametric resonances for nonlinear problems in mechanics (70K28)

Cites Work

• Chaos, fractional kinetics, and anomalous transport
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• The dynamical structure of the MEO region: long-term stability, chaos, and transport
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Lunisolar resonances revisited
• Normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds in dynamical systems
• A second fundamental model for resonance
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• Hamiltonian perturbation solutions for spacecraft orbit prediction. The method of Lie transforms
• High-order resonances in the restricted three-body problem
• Resonant dynamics of medium Earth orbits: space debris issues
• Bifurcation of lunisolar secular resonances for space debris orbits

Cited In (5)

• Global dynamics visualisation from Lagrangian descriptors. Applications to discrete and continuous systems
• Simulating a breakup event and propagating the orbits of space debris
• On the Arnold diffusion mechanism in medium Earth orbit
• Semi-analytical estimates for the chaotic diffusion in the second fundamental model of resonance. Application to Earth's navigation satellites
• Theory and applications of fast Lyapunov indicators to model problems of celestial mechanics

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