Right-cancellable protomodular algebras

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Abstract: A new protomodular analog of the classical criterion for the existence of a group term in the algebraic theory of a variety of universal algebras is given. To this end, the notion of a right-cancellable protomodular algebra is introduced. It is proved that the algebraic theory of a variety of universal algebras contains a group term if and only if it contains protomodular terms with respect to which all algebras from the variety are right-cancellable. This, in particular, gives a partial answer to the extended version of an open problem from loop theory whether any Hausdorff topological (semi-)loop is completely regular. Moreover, the right-cancellable algebras from the simplest protomodular varieties are characterized as sets with principal group actions as well as groups with simple additional structures.


In this paper, the author introduces a new protomodular analog of the classical criterion for the existence of a group term in the algebraic theory of a group term in the algebraic theory of a variety of universal algebras. The algebraic theory of a variety of universal algebras contains a group term if and only if it contains a 0-ary term and an associative Mal'cev term. In a previous paper [Algebra Univers. 81, No. 1, Paper No. 1, 12 p. (2020; Zbl 07146745)], the author gave a protomodular analog of the above mentioned criterion for the existence of a group term in a variety of universal algebras. In this paper, the author gives another criterion for the existence of a group term in a variety of universal algebras. In Section 5, group operations on right-cancellable protomodular algebras, the author shows that right-cancellable $v_n$-algebras can be characterized as groups with simple additional structures.











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