Time optimal control studies on COVID-19 incorporating adverse events of the antiviral drugs

DOI10.1515/CMB-2020-0125MaRDI QIDQ2076182zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Bishal Chhetri, Vijay M. Bhagat, Swapna Muthusamy, V. S. Ananth, D. K. K. Vamsi, Carani B. Sanjeevi

Publication date 18 February 2022

Published in Computational and Mathematical Biophysics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.14433

zbMATH Keywords

adverse eventsbang-bang controlCOVID-19first line drugssecond line drugstime optimal control problem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of optimal control and differential games (49N90) Medical epidemiology (92C60)

Abstract: In this study, we first develop SIV model by incorporating the intercellular time delay and analyze the stability of the equilibrium points. The model dynamics admits disease-free equilibrium and the infected equilibrium with their stability, based on the value of basic reproduction number $R_0$. We then frame an optimal control problem with antiviral drugs and second-line drugs as control measures and study their roles in reducing the infected cell count and the viral load. The comparative study done in the optimal control problem suggests that when the first line antiviral drugs shows adverse events, considering these drugs in reduced quantity along with the second line drug would be highly effective in reducing the infected cell and viral load in a COVID infected patients. Later, we formulate a time-optimal control problem with the objective to drive the system from any given initial state to the desired infection-free equilibrium state in minimal time. Using Pontryagin's Minimum Principle the optimal control strategy is shown to be of bang-bang type with possibility of switches between two extreme values of the optimal controls. Numerically, it is shown that the desired infection-free state is achieved in less time when the higher values of both the optimal controls are chosen.

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Cited in

(4)

• Control intervention strategies for within-host, between-host and their efficacy in the treatment, spread of COVID-19 : a multi scale modeling approach
• Relationship between the inclusion/exclusion criteria and sample size in randomized controlled trials for SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitors
• Effects of antiviral drugs on COVID-19 treatment
• Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) infection of pneumocytes with vaccination and drug therapy: mathematical analysis and optimal control

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