Existence and computation of generalized Wannier functions for non-periodic systems in two dimensions and higher
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Publication:2113539
DOI10.1007/S00205-021-01721-9zbMATH Open1489.82080arXiv2003.06676OpenAlexW3012229509MaRDI QIDQ2113539FDOQ2113539
Alexander Watson, Kevin D. Stubbs, Jianfeng Lu
Publication date: 14 March 2022
Published in: Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)
Abstract: Exponentially-localized Wannier functions (ELWFs) are an orthonormal basis of the Fermi projection of a material consisting of functions which decay exponentially fast away from their maxima. When the material is insulating and crystalline, conditions which guarantee existence of ELWFs in dimensions one, two, and three are well-known, and methods for constructing the ELWFs numerically are well-developed. We consider the case where the material is insulating but not necessarily crystalline, where much less is known. In one spatial dimension, Kivelson and Nenciu-Nenciu have proved ELWFs can be constructed as the eigenfunctions of a self-adjoint operator acting on the Fermi projection. In this work, we identify an assumption under which we can generalize the Kivelson-Nenciu-Nenciu result to two dimensions and higher. Under this assumption, we prove that ELWFs can be constructed as the eigenfunctions of a sequence of self-adjoint operators acting on the Fermi projection. We conjecture that the assumption we make is equivalent to vanishing of topological obstructions to the existence of ELWFs in the special case where the material is crystalline. We numerically verify that our construction yields ELWFs in various cases where our assumption holds and provide numerical evidence for our conjecture.
Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.06676
Perturbation theory of linear operators (47A55) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20) Statistical mechanics of solids (82D20) Functions whose values are linear operators (operator- and matrix-valued functions, etc., including analytic and meromorphic ones) (47A56)
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