Systems of rank one, explicit Rokhlin towers, and covering numbers

DOI10.1007/S00013-021-01683-0zbMATH Open1495.37037arXiv2106.10054OpenAlexW4226266677MaRDI QIDQ2113935FDOQ2113935

Christian Weiß

Publication date: 14 March 2022

Published in: Archiv der Mathematik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Rotations $f_{a}lpha$ of the one-dimensional torus (equipped with the normalized Lebesgue measure) by an irrational angle $alpha$ are known to be dynamical systems of rank one. This is equivalent to the property that the covering number $F^{*}(f_{a}lpha)$ of the dynamical system is one. In other words, there exists a basis $B$ such that for arbitrarily high $h$ an arbitrarily large proportion of the unit torus can be covered by the Rokhlin tower $(f_{a}lph{a}^{k}B{)}_{k=0}^{h-1}$. Although $B$ can be chosen with diameter smaller than any fixed $varepsilon>0$, it is not always possible to take an interval for $B$ but this can only be done when the partial quotients of $alpha$ are unbounded. In the present paper, we ask what maximum proportion of the torus can be covered when $B$ is the union of $n_{B}inmathbbN$ disjoint intervals. This question has been answered in the case $n_B=1$ by Checkhova, and here we address the general situation. If $n_B=2$ we give a precise formula for the maximum proportion. Furthermore, we show that for fixed $alpha$ the maximum proportion converges to $1$ when $n_{B}oinfty$. Explicit lower bounds can be given if $alpha$ has constant partial quotients. Our approach is inspired by the construction involved in the proof of the Rokhlin Lemma and furthermore makes use of the Three Gap Theorem.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.10054

zbMATH Keywords

covering numberscircle rotationsRokhlin towerssystems of rank one

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Dynamical aspects of measure-preserving transformations (37A05) Dynamical systems involving maps of the circle (37E10) Special sequences (11K31)

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Cited In (3)

• Covering numbers of rotations
• Deviation from equidistance for one-dimensional sequences
• Rank One Local Systems and Forms of Degree One

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