Topological duals of locally convex function spaces

DOI10.1007/S11117-022-00867-4MaRDI QIDQ2114842zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Teemu Pennanen, Ari-Pekka Perkkiö

Publication date 15 March 2022

Published in Positivity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/s11117-022-00867-4

zbMATH Keywords

Banach function spaces finitely additive measures topological duals

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Integration with respect to measures and other set functions (28A25) Duality theory for topological vector spaces (46A20) Spaces of measurable functions ((L^p)-spaces, Orlicz spaces, Köthe function spaces, Lorentz spaces, rearrangement invariant spaces, ideal spaces, etc.) (46E30)

Review text

A classical result in Banach space theory is that the dual of \(L^\infty\) can be represented as a space of finitely additive measures. The goal of this article is to obtain similar duality results in a considerably more general situation. Given a probability space \((\Omega, \mathcal{F}, P)\), on the space \(L^{0}\) of measurable \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\)-valued functions, the authors consider a family \(\mathcal{P}\) of sublinear functions \(p\colon L^0\to\bar{\mathbb{R}}\) and define \[ L_{\mathcal{P}} := \bigcap_{p\in\mathcal{P}} \mathrm{dom}\,p \] where \(\mathrm{dom}\,p = \{u\in L^{0} \colon p(u)<\infty\}\) equipped with the locally convex topology generated by \(\mathcal{P}\). On the space \(\mathcal{M}\) of \(P\)-absolutely continuous finitely additive measures, for every \(p\in\mathcal{P}\) the functions \(p^{\circ}\) defined as \[ p^{\circ}(m) = \sup\Big\{\int_{\Omega}u\,\mathrm{d}m \colon p(u) \leq 1\Big\} \] are used to define \[ \mathcal{M}^{\mathcal{P}^{\circ}} := \bigcup \mathrm{dom}\,p^{\circ} \] and its subspace \(\mathcal{M}^{\mathcal{P}^{\circ}}_s\) of purely finitely additive measures. The authors show that the dual space \(L_{\mathcal{P}}^{*}\) of \(L_{\mathcal{P}}\) has the decomposition \[ L_{\mathcal{P}}^{*} = L^{\mathcal{P}^{\circ}} \oplus \mathcal{M}^{\mathcal{P}^{\circ}}_s \oplus (L^\infty)^{\perp} \] where \(L^{\mathcal{P}^{\circ}}\) consists of the densities of countably additive elements of \(\mathcal{M}^{\mathcal{P}^{\circ}}\) and \((L^\infty)^{\perp}\) is the annihilator of \(L^\infty\) in \(L_{\mathcal{P}}^{*}\). The main results are applied to obtain quick proofs of classical results and to prove new duality results.

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