Diophantine triples and K3 surfaces

which leads us to a new rational parametrization of the set of Diophantine triples. Next, specializing to finite fields, we find a correspondence between a K3 surface

X_{k}

for a given

k i n m a t h b b F_{p}^{i m e s}

in the prime field

m a t h b b F_{p}

of odd characteristic and an abelian surface which is a product of two elliptic curves

E_{k} i m e s E_{k}

where

E_{k} : y^{2} = x (k^{2} (1 + k^{2})^{3} + 2 (1 + k^{2})^{2} x + x^{2})

. We derive a formula for

N (p, k)

, the number of Diophantine triples over

m a t h b b F_{p}

with the product of elements equal to

k

. We show that the variety

o v e r l i n e X

admits a fibration by rational elliptic surfaces and from it we derive the formula for the number of points on

o v e r l i n e X

over an arbitrary finite field

m a t h b b F_{q}

. We reprove the formula for the number of Diophantine triples over

m a t h b b F_{q}

from Dujella-Kazalicki(2021). We derive the formula for the second moment of the elliptic surface

E_{k}

(and thus confirming Steven J. Miller's Bias conjecture in this particular case) which we describe in terms of Fourier coefficients of a rational newform generating

S_{4} (G a m m a_{0} (8))

. Finally, in the Appendix, Luka Lasi'c defines circular Diophantine

m

-tuples, and describes the parametrization of these sets.

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