Integral representations of isotropic semiclassical functions and applications

DOI10.4171/JST/400MaRDI QIDQ2120168zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors A. Uribe, Zuoqin Wang, Victor Guillemin

Publication date 31 March 2022

Published in Journal of Spectral Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.13571

coherent states semiclassical analysis Weyl estimates

Integration on manifolds; measures on manifolds (58C35) Pseudodifferential and Fourier integral operators on manifolds (58J40) Semiclassical techniques, including WKB and Maslov methods applied to problems in quantum theory (81Q20)

Abstract: In cite{GUW} we introduced a class of "semi-classical functions of isotropic type", starting with a model case and applying Fourier integral operators associated with canonical transformations. These functions are a substantial generalization of the "oscillatory functions of Lagrangian type" that have played major role in semi-classical and micro-local analysis. In this paper we exhibit more clearly the nature of these isotropic functions by obtaining oscillatory integral expressions for them. Then we use these to prove that the classes of isotropic functions are equivariant with respect to the action of general FIOs (under the usual clean-intersection hypothesis). The simplest examples of isotropic states are the "coherent states", a class of oscillatory functions that has played a pivotal role in mathematics and theoretical physics beginning with their introduction by of Schr"odinger in the 1920's. We prove that every oscillatory function of isotropic type can be expressed as a superposition of coherent states, and examine some implications of that fact. We also show that certain functions of elliptic operators have isotropic functions for Schwartz kernels. This lead us to a result on an eigenvalue counting function that appears to be new (Corollary ef{cor:altWeyl}).

Review text

The present article is a natural follow up of the authors previous article [Lett. Math. Phys. 106, No. 12, 1695--1728 (2016; Zbl 1362.58014)], where it is presented a semiclassical account of \textit{L. Boutet de Monvel} classical papers: [Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 27, 585--639 (1974; Zbl 0294.35020)] and [\textit{L. Boutet de Monvel} and \textit{J. Sjöstrand}, Astérisque 34--35, 123--164 (1976; Zbl 0344.32010)]. In the above quoted article, the authors introduced a class of semiclassical functions of isotropic type, and, among other things, a generalization of oscillatory functions of Lagrangian type that are stable under the action of semiclassical pseudo-differential operators and covariant under the action of semiclassical Fourier integral operators ( FIO, for short ). These functions have shown to play a major role in semiclassical and micro-local analysis, for motivation related to those Boutet de Monvel papers, see also the fundamental monograph [\textit{L. Boutet de Monvel} and \textit{V. Guillemin}, The spectral theory of Toeplitz operators. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press (1981; Zbl 0469.47021)], that has played an important role in the theory of geometric quantization and in several other areas. Here, in the context of real smooth category rather than in the complex category, the authors exhibit, and explore, the nature of those isotropic functions of their previous paper, by obtaining oscillatory integral expressions for them. They then, by making use of these integral expressions, prove that the corresponding classes of isotropic functions are invariant under the action of arbitrary FIO. The simplest examples of isotropic states are the coherent states, introduced by the authors in their previous paper quoted above. The authors prove further that every oscillatory function of isotropic type can be expressed as a superposition of coherent states and, conversely, that certain superpositions of coherent states yield isotropic functions. The paper concludes with a concise description of some applications, among them, a computation of the propagation of isotropic states.

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