Measurements of quantum Hamiltonians with locally-biased classical shadows

DOI10.1007/S00220-022-04343-8zbMATH Open1489.82055arXiv2006.15788OpenAlexW3037811760WikidataQ114230924 ScholiaQ114230924MaRDI QIDQ2124207FDOQ2124207

Charles Hadfield, Rudy Raymond, Sergey Bravyi, Antonio Mezzacapo

Publication date: 19 April 2022

Published in: Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Obtaining precise estimates of quantum observables is a crucial step of variational quantum algorithms. We consider the problem of estimating expectation values of molecular Hamiltonians, obtained on states prepared on a quantum computer. We propose a novel estimator for this task, which is locally optimised with knowledge of the Hamiltonian and a classical approximation to the underlying quantum state. Our estimator is based on the concept of classical shadows of a quantum state, and has the important property of not adding to the circuit depth for the state preparation. We test its performance numerically for molecular Hamiltonians of increasing size, finding a sizable reduction in variance with respect to current measurement protocols that do not increase circuit depths.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.15788

zbMATH Keywords

quantum Hamiltoniansvariational quantum algorithms

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Convex programming (90C25) Combinatorial optimization (90C27) Quantum computation (81P68) Interacting particle systems in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C22)

Cites Work

• A tutorial on the cross-entropy method
• A tutorial on geometric programming
• An upper bound for the chromatic number of a graph and its application to timetabling problems
• Approximation algorithms for quantum many-body problems

Cited In (3)

• NISQ algorithm for the matrix elements of a generic observable
• Classical shadows meet quantum optimal mass transport
• Monitoring energy drift with shadow Hamiltonians

Uses Software

• QISKit

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