Projection in negative norms and the regularization of rough linear functionals

DOI10.1007/S00211-022-01278-ZMaRDI QIDQ2126137zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors F. Millar, Ignacio Muga, Sergio Rojas, K. G. van der Zee

Publication date 14 April 2022

Published in Numerische Mathematik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.03044

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) Stability and convergence of numerical methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N12) Error bounds for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N15) Numerical solution of discretized equations for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N22) Finite element, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N30) Mesh generation, refinement, and adaptive methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N50)

Abstract: In order to construct regularizations of continuous linear functionals acting on Sobolev spaces such as $W_0^{1,q}(Omega)$, where $1<q<infty$ and $Omega$ is a Lipschitz domain, we propose a projection method in negative Sobolev spaces $W^{-1,p}(Omega)$, $p$ being the conjugate exponent satisfying $p^{-1}+q^{-1}=1$. Our method is particularly useful when one is dealing with a rough (irregular) functional that is a member of $W^{-1,p}(Omega)$, though not of $L^1(Omega)$, but one strives for a regular approximation in $L^1(Omega)$. We focus on projections onto discrete finite element spaces $G_n$, and consider both discontinuous as well as continuous piecewise-polynomial approximations. While the proposed method aims to compute the best approximation as measured in the negative (dual) norm, for practical reasons, we will employ a computable, discrete dual norm that supremizes over a discrete subspace $V_m$. We show that this idea leads to a fully discrete method given by a mixed problem on $V_{m}imes{G}_n$. We propose a discontinuous as well as a continuous lowest-order pair, prove that they are compatible, and therefore obtain quasi-optimally convergent methods. We present numerical experiments that compute finite element approximations to Dirac delta's and line sources. We also present adaptively generate meshes, obtained from an error representation that comes with the method. Finally, we show how the presented projection method can be used to efficiently compute numerical approximations to partial differential equations with rough data.

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Cited in

(6)

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