On the operator norm of non-commutative polynomials in deterministic matrices and iid GUE matrices

DOI10.4310/CJM.2022.V10.N1.A3zbMATH Open1487.46073arXiv1912.04588MaRDI QIDQ2129686FDOQ2129686

Benoit Collins, Félix Parraud, Alice Guionnet

Publication date: 22 April 2022

Published in: Cambridge Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let $X^N=(X_1^N,dots,X_d^N)$ be a d-tuple of $NimesN$ independent GUE random matrices and $Z^{NM}$ be any family of deterministic matrices in $mathbb{M}_N(mathbbC)otimesmathbb{M}_M(mathbbC)$. Let $P$ be a self-adjoint non-commutative polynomial. A seminal work of Voiculescu shows that the empirical measure of the eigenvalues of $P(X^N)$ converges towards a deterministic measure defined thanks to free probability theory. Let now $f$ be a smooth function, the main technical result of this paper is a precise bound of the difference between the expectation of ${\displaystyle }$frac{1}{MN} ext{Tr}left( f(P(X^Notimes I_M,Z^{NM})) ight)${\displaystyle }$ and its limit when $N$ goes to infinity. If $f$ is six times differentiable, we show that it is bounded by $M^{2}leftVertfightVer{t}_{mathcal{C}^6}{N}^{-2}$. As a corollary we obtain a new proof of a result of Haagerup and Thorbjo rnsen, later developed by Male, which gives sufficient conditions for the operator norm of a polynomial evaluated in $(X^N,Z^{NM},{Z^{NM}}^{*})$ to converge almost surely towards its free limit. Restricting ourselves to polynomials in independent GUE matrices, we give concentration estimates on the largest eingenvalue of these polynomials around their free limit. A direct consequence of these inequalities is that there exists some $$ such that for any $$ and $varepsilo{n}_2<1/4$, almost surely for $N$ large enough, ${\displaystyle }$-frac{1}{N^{varepsilon_1}} leq | P(X^N)| - leftVert P(x) ightVert leq frac{1}{N^{varepsilon_2}}.${\displaystyle }$ Finally if $X^N$ and $Y^{M_N}$ are independent and $M_N=o(N^{1/3})$, then almost surely, the norm of any polynomial in $(X^{N}otimes{I}_{M_N},I_{N}otimes{Y}^{M_N})$ converges almost surely towards its free limit. This result is an improvement of a Theorem of Pisier, who was himself using estimates from Haagerup and Thorbjo rnsen, where $M_N$ had size $o(N^{1/4})$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.04588

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zbMATH Keywords

free probability theoryGUE random matrices

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Convergence of probability measures (60B10) Random matrices (probabilistic aspects) (60B20) Probability measures on groups or semigroups, Fourier transforms, factorization (60B15) Noncommutative probability and statistics (46L53) Free probability and free operator algebras (46L54) Noncommutative measure and integration (46L51)

Cited In (6)

• Convergence for noncommutative rational functions evaluated in random matrices
• Concentration estimates for random subspaces of a tensor product and application to quantum information theory
• Asymptotic freeness through unitaries generated by polynomials of Wigner matrices
• Norm convergence rate for multivariate quadratic polynomials of Wigner matrices
• Asymptotic expansion of smooth functions in polynomials in deterministic matrices and iid GUE matrices
• Matrix concentration inequalities and free probability

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