Convex bodies and asymptotic invariants for powers of monomial ideals

Polynomial rings and ideals; rings of integer-valued polynomials (13F20) Commutative rings defined by monomial ideals; Stanley-Reisner face rings; simplicial complexes (13F55) Toric varieties, Newton polyhedra, Okounkov bodies (14M25) Lattice polytopes in convex geometry (including relations with commutative algebra and algebraic geometry) (52B20)

Abstract: Continuing a well established tradition of associating convex bodies to monomial ideals, we initiate a program to construct asymptotic Newton polyhedra from decompositions of monomial ideals. This is achieved by forming a graded family of ideals based on a given decomposition. We term these graded families powers since they generalize the notions of ordinary and symbolic powers. Asymptotic invariants for these graded families are expressed as solutions to linear optimization problems on the respective convex bodies. This allows to establish a lower bound on the Waldschmidt constant of a monomial ideal by means of a more easily computable invariant, which we introduce under the name of naive Waldschmidt constant.

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Let \(I\) be a monomial ideal. The authors define the irreducible polyhedron of \(I\), denoted \(IP(I)\), by the intersection of the Newton polyhedra of the monomial \emph{irreducible} components of the ideal. Letting \(NP(I)\) denote the Newton polyhedron of \(I\) and \(SP(I)\) the symbolic polyhedron of \(I\) -- see Definition 5.3 in [\textit{S. M. Cooper} et al., Proc. Edinb. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 60, No. 1, 39--55 (2017; Zbl 1376.13010)], they show that \[ NP(I) \subseteq SP(I) \subseteq IP(I) \] (Theorem 3.9). If \(\mathcal{I}=\{I_m\}_{m\geq 1}\) is a graded family of monomial ideals, the authors define the limiting body of \(\mathcal{I}\) by \[ \mathcal{C}(\mathcal{I}) = \bigcup_{m\to \infty} \frac{1}{m} NP(I_m). \] When \(\mathcal{C}(\mathcal{I})\) is a polyhedron, they term it the asymptotic Newton polyhedron of \(\mathcal{I}\). If \(I_m\) is the intersection \(m\)-th powers of the components of a decomposition of \(I\) into (an intersection of) monomial ideals, they show that \(\mathcal{C}(\mathcal{I})\) is the intersection of the Newton polyhedra of the components (Theorem 3.5). As corollaries, they show that the symbolic polyhedron of \(I\) is the asymptotic polyhedron of the family of symbolic powers of \(I\), \(\{I^{(m)}\}_{m\geq 1}\), and the irreducible polyhedron of \(I\) is the asymptotic Newton polyhedron of the graded family of irreducible powers, \(\{ I ^{\{m\}}\}_{m\geq 1}\), which the authors define as the intersection of the \(m\)-th powers of the monomial irreducible components of \(I\), for each \(m\geq 1\) (Corollaries 3.16, 3.17 and Definition 3.3, respectively). In section 4 the authors define the \textit{naive Waldschmidt constant} of \(I\) by \[ \tilde{\alpha}(I) = \lim_{m\to \infty} \frac{\alpha(I^{\{m\}})}{m}, \] where \(\alpha(\cdot)\) denotes the initial degree. Adapting the proof of Theorem 5.3 in [\textit{C. Bocci} et al., J. Algebr. Comb. 44, No. 4, 875--904 (2016; Zbl 1352.13012)], the authors show that \[ \tilde{\alpha}(I)\geq \frac{\alpha(I)}{\operatorname{big-height}(I)}, \] (Theorem 4.13). Let \(\mathfrak{m}_n \subset K[x_1,\dots,x_n]\) denote the irrelevant ideal. The authors compute the naive Waldschmidt constant of \(\mathfrak{m}_n^d\), for \(d\geq 1\) (Theorem 4.22), and show that, when \(d=\alpha(I)\), this constant is a lower bound for \(\tilde{\alpha}(I)\) (Theorems 4.25 and 4.29).

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