Modulation of cortical oscillations by periodic electrical stimulation is frequency-dependent
The effects of electrical stimulation on neural oscillations are studied by means of a neural network subject to periodic stimulations. One uses a modified model proposed by \textit{A. Hutt} et al. [``Dynamic control of synchronous activity in networks of spiking neurons, PLoS One 11, No. 9, Article ID e0161488 (2016)]. The neural network consists of N excitatory and inhibitory neurons with random connections characterized by synaptic weights $\omega _{nm}$. The membrane potential $u_n$is the solution of a differential equation $\alpha ^{-1}\frac{d}{dt}u_n(t)=-u_n(t)+N^{-1}\sum_{i=1}^{N}\omega_{nm}X_m(t-\tau)+I_n(t)+I_m(t)+I_{\text{state}}(t)$ where $X_m$ denote the inputs and $I_n$, $I_m$, $I_{\text{state}}$ different types of stimulations. As response/output $f(u_n)$ from network one defines $f=1$ for $u_n>h$ and 0 otherwise. In the second section of the paper one introduces the model and presents different assumptions on variables, parameters and constants. The first part of the third section is devoted to a practical experiment on impact of the periodic stimulation on oscillatory activity, on effects of neural state on brain oscillations and effects of stimulation duration and initial intrinsic frequency on oscillatory activities in the case of plasticity. The results are largely discussed. In the second part of the third section, one presents a short theoretical analysis of the dynamic of the network variations generated by the stimulus. Conclusions are presented in the last section.
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