Ambidexterity in chromatic homotopy theory

Stable homotopy theory, spectra (55P42) Spectra with additional structure ((E_infty), (A_infty), ring spectra, etc.) (55P43) Localization and completion in homotopy theory (55P60) Homotopy functors in algebraic topology (55P65)

Abstract: We extend the theory of ambidexterity developed by M. J. Hopkins and J. Lurie and show that the

i n f t y

-categories of

T (n)

-local spectra are

i n f t y

-semiadditive for all

n

, where

T (n)

is the telescope on a

v_{n}

-self map of a type

n

spectrum. This extends and provides a new proof for the analogous result of Hopkins-Lurie on

K (n)

-local spectra. Moreover, we show that

K (n)

-local and

T (n)

-local spectra are respectively, the minimal and maximal

1

-semiadditive localizations of spectra with respect to a homotopy ring, and that all such localizations are in fact

i n f t y

-semiadditive. As a consequence, we deduce that several different notions of "bounded chromatic height" for homotopy rings are equivalent, and in particular, that

T (n)

-homology of

p i

-finite spaces depends only on the

n

-th Postnikov truncation. A key ingredient in the proof of the main result is a construction of a certain power operation for commutative ring objects in stable

1

-semiadditive

i n f t y

-categories. This is closely related to some known constructions for Morava

E

-theory and is of independent interest. Using this power operation we also give a new proof, and a generalization, of a nilpotence conjecture of J.P. May, which was proved by A. Mathew, N. Naumann, and J. Noel.

Review text

Ambidexterity is an important phenomenon in category theory. A functor \(F\colon\mathcal{D}\to \mathcal{C}\) is called ambidexterous, if there is a norm isomorphism from the colimit to the limit of \(F\). Classical examples of ambidexterity include the isomorphism from finite direct sums to finite direct products of abelian groups, and the norm isomorphism from the orbit space to the fixed point subspace of a rational \(G\)-representation for a finite group \(G\). In [\textit{J. P. C. Greenlees} and \textit{H. Sadofsky}, Math. Z. 222, No. 3, 391--405 (1996; Zbl 0849.55005); \textit{M. Hovey} and \textit{H. Sadofsky}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 124, No. 11, 3579--3585 (1996; Zbl 0866.55011)], Greenlees-Hovey-Sadofsky showed that for a finite group \(G\), any functor from \(BG\) to the category of \(K(n)\)-local spectra \(\mathrm{Sp}_{K(n)}\) is ambidextrous. In [\textit{N. J. Kuhn}, Invent. Math. 157, No. 2, 345--370 (2004; Zbl 1069.55007)], Kuhn showed that this is also true for \(\mathrm{Sp}_{T(n)}\), the category of spectra localized at the \(v_n\)-mapping telescope \(T(n)\) of a finite complex of type \(n\). Identifying \(\infty\)-groupoids with spaces, \(BG\) is an example of a \(1\)-truncated space with finite homotopy groups. In [\textit{M. Hopkins} and \textit{J. Lurie}, ``Ambidexterity in \(K(n)\)-local stable homotopy theory, \url{https://www.math.ias.edu/~lurie/papers/Ambidexterity.pdf} (2013)], Hopkins-Lurie defined the notion of an \(m\)-semiadditive \(\infty\)-category \(\mathcal{C}\), where any functor to \(\mathcal{C}\) from an \(m\)-truncated space with finite homotopy groups at any given base point is ambidextrous. They showed that \(\mathrm{Sp}_{K(n)}\) is \(\infty\)-semiadditive, i.e. \(m\)-semiadditive for all \(m\). In the present paper, the authors generalize the results above to show that \(\mathrm{Sp}_{T(n)}\) is \(\infty\)-semiadditive (Theorem A). In addition, they establish a sequence of important results in chromatic homotopy theory: \begin{itemize} \item (Theorems B, C, D) For a \(p\)-local homotopy ring spectrum \(R\), the category of \(R\)-local spectra \(\mathrm{Sp}_R\) is \(1\)-semiadditive iff it is \(\infty\)-semiadditive. In this case, \(\mathrm{Sp}_{K(n)}\subseteq \mathrm{Sp}_R\subseteq \mathrm{Sp}_{T(n)}\) for some \(n\). \item (Theorem E) For a \(p\)-local homotopy ring \(R\), three different notions of ``heights \(\le d\) are equivalent: (algebraic) those detected by Morava \(K\)-theories; (geometric) those detected by finite complexes; (categorical) those detected by \(\pi\)-finite spaces. \item (Theorems F, G) For an \(\mathbb{E}_\infty\)-algebra \(X\) in a \(1\)-semiadditive localized category of spectra \(\mathrm{Sp}_E\), the commutative ring \(\pi_0(X)\) admits a canonical \(p\)-derivation. Moreover, every torsion element in \(\pi_0(X)\) is nilpotent. This also gives a new proof of May's nilpotence conjecture (Corollary 5.2.5), that was proved by Mathew-Naumann-Noel in [\textit{A. Mathew} et al., J. Topol. 8, No. 4, 917--932 (2015; Zbl 1335.55009)]. \end{itemize} The main result (Theorem A) of the paper is proved by an induction argument. The base case is the aforementioned Kuhn's result that \(\mathrm{Sp}_{T(n)}\) is \(1\)-semiadditive. The main tool in the inductive step is the Bootstrap Machine in Theorem 4.3.10. This machinery builds upon : \begin{itemize} \item (Section 2) the axiomatic framework of normed functors and integrations; \item (Section 3) local systems valued in an \(m\)-semiadditive \(\infty\)-category; \item (Section 4) the additive \(p\)-derivations for \(1\)-semiadditive stable \(\infty\)-categories. \end{itemize} For \(\mathrm{Sp}_{T(n)}\), one of the assumptions in the Bootstrap Machine eventually reduces to the computation of \(K(n)\)-homology of Eilenberg-MacLane spaces by Ravenel-Wilson in [\textit{D. C. Ravenel} and \textit{W. S. Wilson}, Am. J. Math. 102, 691--748 (1980; Zbl 0466.55007)].

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