Backward Touchard congruence

DOI10.36045/J.BBMS.210412AzbMATH Open1498.11014arXiv2110.06129OpenAlexW3205816533MaRDI QIDQ2139120FDOQ2139120

Authors: Grzegorz Serafin 

Publication date: 17 May 2022

Published in: Bulletin of the Belgian Mathematical Society - Simon Stevin (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The celebrated Touchard congruence states that $B_{n+p}=B_n+B_{n+1}$ modulo $p$, where $p$ is a prime number and $B_n$ denotes the Bell number. In this paper we study divisibility properties of $B_{n-p}$ and their generalizations involving higher powers of $p$ as well as the $r$-Bell numbers. In particular, we show a closely relation of the considered problem to the Sun-Zagier congruence, which is additionally improved by deriving mbox{a new} relation between $r$-Bell and derangement numbers. Finally, we conclude some results on the period of the Bell numbers modulo $p$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.06129

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zbMATH Keywords

periodicity\(r\)-Bell numbersTouchard's congruencederangement numbers

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Bell and Stirling numbers (11B73) Polynomials in number theory (11C08) Congruences; primitive roots; residue systems (11A07) Sequences (mod (m)) (11B50)

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Cited In (2)

• Congruences for Sheffer sequences
• Divisibility properties of the \(r\)-Bell numbers and polynomials

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