Optimal shape of stellarators for magnetic confinement fusion

DOI10.1016/J.MATPUR.2022.05.005MaRDI QIDQ2145835zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Yannick Privat, Rémi Robin, Mario Sigalotti

Publication date 15 June 2022

Published in Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.05049

zbMATH Keywords

shape optimizationshape derivativeplasma physicsreachmagnetic confinementBiot and Savart operator

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Numerical methods for trigonometric approximation and interpolation (65T40) Optimization of shapes other than minimal surfaces (49Q10) Sensitivity analysis for optimization problems on manifolds (49Q12) Electromagnetic theory (general) (78A25)

Abstract: We are interested in the design of stellarators, devices for the production of controlled nuclear fusion reactions alternative to tokamaks. The confinement of the plasma is entirely achieved by a helical magnetic field created by the complex arrangement of coils fed by high currents around a toroidal domain. Such coils describe a surface called "coil winding surface" (CWS). In this paper, we model the design of the CWS as a shape optimization problem, so that the cost functional reflects both optimal plasma confinement properties, through a least square discrepancy, and also manufacturability, thanks to geometrical terms involving the lateral surface or the curvature of the CWS. We completely analyze the resulting problem: on the one hand, we establish the existence of an optimal shape, prove the shape differentiability of the criterion, and provide the expression of the differential in a workable form. On the other hand, we propose a numerical method and perform simulations of optimal stellarator shapes. We discuss the efficiency of our approach with respect to the literature in this area.

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Cited in

(4)

• Properties of the Biot-Savart operator acting on surface currents
• Automated divertor target design by adjoint shape sensitivity analysis and a one-shot method
• Shape optimization of harmonic helicity in toroidal domains
• Optimization of energy confinement in the 1/ regime for stellarators

Describes a project that uses

Uses Software

• opt_einsum
• Python
• Mayavi
• Matplotlib
• NumPy
• SciPy
• MayaVi

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