Torsion points of small order on hyperelliptic curves

DOI10.1007/S40879-021-00519-ZMaRDI QIDQ2147389zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Yu. G. Zarhin, Boris M. Bekker

Publication date 20 June 2022

Published in European Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.03114

zbMATH Keywords

hyperelliptic curvesJacobianstorsion points

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Abelian varieties of dimension (> 1) (11G10) [https://duckduckgo.com/?q=MSC%2011G30%20%22Curves+of+arbitrary+genus+or+genus+%28%0D%0Ae+1%29+over+global+fields%22 Curves of arbitrary genus or genus ( e 1) over global fields (11G30)] Other nonalgebraically closed ground fields in algebraic geometry (14G27) Jacobians, Prym varieties (14H40)

Abstract: Let $C$ be a hyperelliptic curve of genus $g>1$ over an algebraically closed field $K$ of characteristic zero and $O$ one of the $(2g+2)$ Weierstrass points in $C(K)$. Let $J$ be the jacobian of $C$, which is a $g$-dimensional abelian variety over $K$. Let us consider the canonical embedding of $C$ into $J$ that sends $O$ to the zero of the group law on $J$. This embedding allows us to identify $C(K)$ with a certain subset of the commutative group $J(K)$. A special case of the famous theorem of Raynaud (Manin--Mumford conjecture) asserts that the set of torsion points in $C(K)$ is finite. It is well known that the points of order 2 in $C(K)$ are exactly the "remaining" $(2g+1)$ Weierstrass points. One of the authors proved that there are no torsion points of order $n$ in $C(K)$ if $3lenle2g$. So, it is natural to study torsion points of order $2g+1$ (notice that the number of such points in $C(K)$ is always even). Recently, the authors proved that there are infinitely many (for a given $g$) mutually nonisomorphic pairs $C,O)$ such that $C(K)$ contains at least four points of order $2g+1$. In the present paper we prove that (for a given $g$) there are at most finitely many (up to a isomorphism) pairs $(C,O)$ such that $C(K)$ contains at least six points of order $2g+1$.

Review text

Let \(C\) be a smooth hyperelliptic curve of genus \(g>1\) over an algebraically closed field \(K\) such that \(\mathrm{char}(K)\neq 2\), let \(i:C\rightarrow C\) be the hyperelliptic involution and let \(w\in C\) be one of the \(2g+2\) Weiestrass points in \(C\). Consider the canonical embedding \(j: C \hookrightarrow JC\) sending \(p\in C\) to the class of \(p-w\). The injection \(j\) allows to identify the curve \(C\) with its image in \(JC\). A theorem of Raynaud (Manin-Mumford conjecture) asserts that the set of torsion points in \(C\) is finite [\textit{M. Raynaud}, Invent. Math. 71, 207--233 (1983; Zbl 0564.14020)]. It is well known that points of order 2 on C are precise all the remaining \((2g + 1)\) Weierstrass points. Moreover, if \(d\) is a positive integer such that \(3\leq d \leq 2g\), then \(C\) does not contain torsion points of order \(d\) [\textit{Y. G. Zarhin}, Izv. Math. 83, No. 3, 501--520 (2019; Zbl 1419.14044)]. Notice that if \(d>2\) and \(p\in C\) is a \(d\)-torsion point, then \(i(p)\) is also a torsion point of the same order \(d\) in \(C\). It follows that \(\mathcal{C}^*_d(K)\), the set of \(d\)-torsion points in \(C\), has even cardinality. In [\textit{B. M. Bekker} and \textit{Y. G. Zarhin}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 373, No. 11, 8059--8094 (2020; Zbl 1465.14031)] the authors show that if \(2g + 1\) is a power of \(\mathrm{char}(K)\), then \(|\mathcal{C}^*_{2g+1}(K)|\leq 2\) while if \(2g + 1\) is not a power of \(\mathrm{char}(K)\), then there are infinitely many mutually non-isomorphic curves \(C\) with \(|\mathcal{C}^*_{2g+1}(K)|\geq 4\). In the paper under review, the authors show that when \(\mathrm{char} K\) is zero or is an odd prime that is a primitive root modulo \(2g+1\), then (for a given \(g\)) there are at most finitely many (up to an isomorphism) pairs \((C, w)\) such that \(C\) contains at least six points of order \(2g + 1\).

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Cites work

• 5-TORSION POINTS ON CURVES OF GENUS 2
• Courbes sur une variété abélienne et points de torsion
• Division by 2 on odd-degree hyperelliptic curves and their Jacobians
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• Torsion points on Fermat Jacobians, roots of circular units and relative singular homology.
• Torsion points on Jacobians of quotients of Fermat curves and \(p\)-adic soliton theory

Cited in

(7)

• Torsion points on elliptic curves over number fields of small degree
• 5-TORSION POINTS ON CURVES OF GENUS 2
• Torsion points of order \(2g+1\) on odd degree hyperelliptic curves of genus \(g\)
• On the number of points of given order on odd-degree hyperelliptic curves
• On hyperelliptic curves of odd degree and genus \(g\) with six torsion points of order \(2g + 1\)
• Bounds on the number of torsion points of given order on curves embedded in their Jacobians
• On the maximal order of a torsion point on a curve in \(\mathbb{G}^n_m\)

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