A characterization of the weak topology in the unit ball of purely atomic L₁ preduals

Duality theory for topological vector spaces (46A20) Isomorphic theory (including renorming) of Banach spaces (46B03) Isometric theory of Banach spaces (46B04) Classical Banach spaces in the general theory (46B25)

Abstract: We study Banach spaces with a weak stable unit ball, that is Banach spaces where every convex combination of relatively weakly open subsets in its unit ball is again a relatively weakly open subset in its unit ball. It is proved that the class of

L_{1}

preduals with a weak stable unit ball agree with those

L_{1}

preduals which are purely atomic, that is preduals of

e l l_{1} (G a m m a)

for some set

G a m m a

, getting in this way a complete geometrical characterization of purely atomic preduals of

L_{1}

, which answers a setting problem. As a consequence, we prove the equivalence for

L_{1}

preduals of different properties previously studied by other authors, in terms of slices around weak stability. Also we get the weak stability of the unit ball of

C_{0} (K, X)

whenever

K

is a Hausdorff and scattered locally compact space and

X

has a norm stable and weak stable unit ball, which gives the weak stability of the unit ball in

C_{0} (K, X)

for finite-dimensional

X

with a stable unit ball and

K

as above. Finally we prove that Banach spaces with a weak stable unit ball satisfy a very strong new version of diameter two property.

Review text

A Banach space \(X\) is said to have a [weakly] stable unit ball \(B_X\) if finite convex combinations of relatively [weakly] open subsets of \(B_X\) are again [weakly] open. Among earlier important achievements known to the reviewer are that \(C(K)\)-spaces have a weakly stable unit ball if and only if \(K\) is scattered and that Banach spaces with a weakly stable unit ball have the strong diameter 2 property (SD2P), that is, every finite convex combination of slices of \(B_X\) has diameter 2. Moreover, it is known that rotund spaces and spaces with the 3.2-intersection property have stable unit balls. Here are the main results from this paper: \begin{itemize} \item [(i)] The \(L_1\)-preduals with a weakly stable unit ball are exactly the purely atomic ones (both real and complex case). \item [(ii)] Let \(X\) be a Banach space with both stable and weakly stable unit ball and \(K\) scattered compact. Then \(C_0(K,X)\) has a weakly stable unit ball. \item [(iii)] A Banach space has a stable unit ball if and only if it has the property that for every \(x,s_1,s_2\in B_X\), \(\lambda\in (0,1/2]\) so that \(x=(1-\lambda)s_1+\lambda s_2\), and every \(\varepsilon>0\), there exist \(\delta>0\) and continuous functions \[ v_i:B_X(x,\delta)\cap B_X\to B_X(s_i,\varepsilon)\cap B_X,\ i=1,2, \] such that \(y=(1-\lambda)v_1(y)+\lambda v_2(y)\) for every \(y\in B_X(x,\delta)\cap B_X\). \item [(iv)] Infinite dimensional Banach spaces with a weakly stable unit ball satisfy the following diameter 2 property called ASSD2P: If \(S_1,S_2,\dots, S_n\) are slices of \(B_X\), there exist \(h_1\in S_1\), \(h_2\in S_2,\dots, h_n\in S_n\) and \(y\in B_X\) with \(\|y\|=1\) such that \(y\pm h_i\in S_i\) for all \(1,2,\dots, n\). \item [(v)] For Banach spaces with a weakly stable unit ball, ext(\(B_X\)) is weakly closed and nowhere weakly dense in \(B_X\). \end{itemize} In addition to all these results, the paper contains an interesting introduction that puts things into perspective. Reviewer's remark: Concerning results on spaces with stable unit balls, the interested reader may want to consult [\textit{A.~Suárez-Granero}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 330, No.~2, 677--695 (1992; Zbl 0777.46014)].

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