A Moser/Bernstein type theorem in a Lie group with a left invariant metric under a gradient decay condition

Abstract: We say that a PDE in a Riemannian manifold

M

is geometric if,

whenever

u

is a solution of the PDE on a domain

O m e g a

of

M

, the composition

u_{p h i} := u c i r c p h i

is also solution on

p h i^{- 1} l e f t (O m e g a i g h t)

, for any isometry

p h i

of

M .

We prove that if

u i n C^{1} l e f t (m a t h b b H^{n} i g h t)

is a solution of a geometric PDE satisfying the comparison principle, where

m a t h b b H^{n}

is the hyperbolic space of constant sectional curvature

- 1,

n g e q 2,

and if [ limsup_{R ightarrowinfty}left( e^{R}sup_{S_{R}}leftVert

abla u ightVert ight) =0, ] where $S_{R}$ is a geodesic sphere of $m a t h b b H^{n}$ centered at fixed point $o i n m a t h b b H^{n}$ with radius $R,$ then $u$ is constant. Moreover, given $C > 0,$ there is a bounded non-constant harmonic function $v i n C^{i n f t y} l e f t (m a t h b b H^{n} i g h t)$ such that [ lim_{R ightarrowinfty}left( e^{R}sup_{S_{R}}leftVert abla v ightVert ight) =C. ] The first part of the above result is a consequence of a more general theorem proved in the paper which asserts that if $G$ is a non compact Lie group with a left invariant metric, $u i n C^{1} l e f t (G i g h t)$ a solution of a left invariant PDE (that is, if $v$ is a solution of the PDE on a domain $O m e g a$ of $G$ , the composition $v_{g} := v c i r c L_{g}$ of $v$ with a left translation $L_{g} : G i g h t a r r o w G,$ $L_{g} l e f t (h i g h t) = g h,$ is also solution on $L_{g}^{- 1} l e f t (O m e g a i g h t)$ for any $g i n G),$ the PDE satisfies the comparison principle and% [ limsup_{R ightarrowinfty}left( sup_{gin B_{R}}leftVert operatorname*{Ad} olimits_{g} ightVert sup_{S_{R}}leftVert

abla u ightVert ight) =0, ] where

o p e r a t o r n a m e * A d o l i m i t s_{g} : m a t h f r a k g i g h t a r r o w m a t h f r a k g

is the adjoint map of

G

and

m a t h f r a k g

the Lie algebra of

G,

then

u

is constant.

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