Convexity of real functions of several variables, generalizations (26B25) Comparison principles in context of PDEs (35B51) Viscosity solutions to PDEs (35D40) Boundary value problems for second-order elliptic equations (35J25) Monge-Ampère equations (35J96) Fractional partial differential equations (35R11)
Abstract: We introduce a notion of fractional convexity that extends naturally the usual notion of convexity in the Euclidean space to a fractional setting. With this notion of fractional convexity, we study the fractional convex envelope inside a domain of an exterior datum (the largest possible fractional convex function inside the domain that is below the datum outside) and show that the fractional convex envelope is characterized as a viscosity solution to a non-local equation that is given by the infimum among all possible directions of the dimensional fractional Laplacian. For this equation we prove existence, uniqueness and a comparison principle (in the framework of viscosity solutions). In addition, we find that solutions to the equation for the convex envelope are related to solutions to the fractional Monge-Ampere equation.
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