A new approach to the r-Whitney numbers by using combinatorial differential calculus

DOI10.2478/AUSM-2019-0029MaRDI QIDQ2178490zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors José L. Ramírez, Miguel A. Méndez

Publication date 11 May 2020

Published in Acta Universitatis Sapientiae. Mathematica (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1702.06519

zbMATH Keywords

differential operators\(r\)-Whitney number\(r\)-Dowling polynomial

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Exact enumeration problems, generating functions (05A15) Bell and Stirling numbers (11B73) Combinatorial identities, bijective combinatorics (05A19) Special sequences and polynomials (11B83)

Abstract: In the present article we introduce two new combinatorial interpretations of the $r$-Whitney numbers of the second kind obtained from the combinatorics of the differential operators associated to the grammar $G:=yightarrowy{x}^m,xightarrowx$. By specializing $m=1$ we obtain also a new combinatorial interpretation of the $r$-Stirling numbers of the second kind. Again, by specializing to the case $r=0$ we introduce a new generalization of the Stirling number of the second kind and through them a binomial type family of polynomials that generalizes Touchard's. Moreover, we show several well-known identities involving the $r$-Dowling polynomials and the $r$-Whitney numbers using the combinatorial differential calculus. Finally we prove that the $r$-Dowling polynomials are a Sheffer family relative to the generalized Touchard binomial family, study their umbral inverses, and introduce $[m]$-Stirling numbers of the first kind. From the relation between umbral calculus and the Riordan matrices we give several new combinatorial identities involving the $r$-Whitney number of both kinds, Bernoulli and Euler polynomials.

Recommendations

• New combinatorial interpretations of \(r\)-Whitney and \(r\)-Whitney-Lah numbers
• Some polynomials associated with the \(r\)-Whitney numbers
• A comprehensive study of \(r\)-Dowling polynomials
• Degenerate \(r\)-Whitney numbers and degenerate \(r\)-Dowling polynomials via boson operators
• A generalization of the \(r\)-Whitney numbers of the second kind

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Cited in

(9)

• New combinatorial interpretations of \(r\)-Whitney and \(r\)-Whitney-Lah numbers
• Shifting powers in Spivey's Bell number formula
• Some polynomials associated with the \(r\)-Whitney numbers
• Combinatorial properties of the \(r\)-Whitney numbers of Dowling lattices.
• Degenerate \(r\)-Whitney numbers and degenerate \(r\)-Dowling polynomials via boson operators
• Associated \(r\)-Dowling numbers and some relatives
• New definitions of the generalized Stirling numbers
• Recent developments in combinatorial aspects of normal ordering
• Unfair distributions counted by the generalized Stirling numbers

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