The structure of doubly non-commuting isometries

General theory of (C^*)-algebras (46L05) Several-variable operator theory (spectral, Fredholm, etc.) (47A13) Dilations, extensions, compressions of linear operators (47A20) Canonical models for contractions and nonselfadjoint linear operators (47A45)

Abstract: Suppose that

n g e q 1

and that, for all

i

and

j

with

1 l e q i, j l e q n

and

i e q j

,

z_{i j} i n m a t h b b T

are given such that

z_{j i} = o v e r l i n e z_{i j}

for all

i e q j

. If

V_{1}, d o t s c, V_{n}

are isometries on a Hilbert space such that

V_{i}^{a} s t V_{j}^{p h a n t o m a s t}! = o v e r l i n e z_{i j} V_{j}^{p h a n t o m a s t}! V_{i}^{a} s t

for all

i e q j

, then

(V_{1}, d o t s c, V_{n})

is called an

n

-tuple of doubly non-commuting isometries. The generators of non-commutative tori are well-known examples. In this paper, we establish a simultaneous Wold decomposition for

(V_{1}, d o t s c, V_{n})

. This decomposition enables us to classify such

n

-tuples up to unitary equivalence. We show that the joint listing of a unitary equivalence class of a representation of each of the

2^{n}

non-commutative tori that are naturally associated with the structure constants is a classifying invariant. A dilation theorem is also established, showing that an

n

-tuple of doubly non-commuting isometries can be extended to an

n

-tuple of doubly non-commuting unitary operators on an enveloping Hilbert space.

Review text

The doubly non-commuting isometries referred to in the title of the paper under review are \(n\)-tuples \((V_1,\dots,V_n)\) consisting of Hilbert space isometries satisfying \(V_i^*V_j={\bar z}_{ij}V_jV_i^*\) where \(z_{ij}\in\mathbb{C}\) with \(z_{ji}={\bar z}_{ij}\) if \(i\ne j\). The main results of this paper are quite remarkable, namely, a simultaneous Wold-type decomposition, a classification up to unitary equivalence, and a dilation theorem for doubly non-commuting isometries. The classification is achieved in terms of representations of non-commutative tori. The proofs are presented in a very clear manner.

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