Quantum anomalies in string-inspired running vacuum universe: inflation and axion dark matter

DOI10.1016/J.PHYSLETB.2020.135342MaRDI QIDQ2187807zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Nick E. Mavromatos, Joan Solà Peracaula, Spyros Basilakos

Publication date 3 June 2020

Published in Physics Letters B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.03465

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

String and superstring theories in gravitational theory (83E30) Relativistic cosmology (83F05) Dark matter and dark energy (83C56)

Abstract: In this letter, we elaborate further on a Cosmological "Running-Vacuum" type model for the Universe, suggested previously by the authors within the context of a string-inspired effective theory in the presence of a Kalb-Ramond (KR) gravitational axion field which descends from the antisymmetric tensor of the massless gravitational string multiplet. In the presence of this field, which has anomalous CP violating interactions with the gravitons, primordial gravitational waves induce gravitational anomalies, which in turn are responsible for the appearance of $H^2$ and $H^4$ contributions to the vacuum energy density, these terms being characteristic of generic "running-vacuum-model (RVM) type", where $H$ is the Hubble parameter. In this work we prove in detail the appearance of the $H^4$ terms due to gravitational-anomaly-induced condensates in the energy density of the primordial Universe, which can self-consistently induce inflation, and subsequent exit from it, according to the generic features of RVM. We also argue in favour of the robustness of our results, which were derived within an effective low-energy field theory approach, against Ultra Violet completion of the theory. During the radiation and matter-dominated eras, gravitational anomalies cancel, as required for the consistency of the quantum matter/radiation field theory. However, chiral and QCD-axion-type anomalies survive and have important consequences for both cosmic magnetogenesis and axionic dark matter in the Universe. Finally, the stringy RVM scenario presented here predicts quintessence-like dynamical dark energy for the current Universe, which is compatible with the existing fitting analyses of such model against observations

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Cites work

• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4005056 (Why is no real title available?)
• Dark energy: a quantum fossil from the inflationary universe?
• General relativity with spin and torsion: Foundations and prospects
• Particle and entropy production in the running vacuum universe
• The Cotton tensor in Riemannian spacetimes
• The dilaton potential from N=1\(^*\)

Cited in

(7)

• Observational constraints on extended Proca-Nuevo gravity and cosmology
• Renormalization-group running induced cosmic inflation
• Stringy running vacuum model and current tensions in cosmology
• Effects of gravitational Chern-Simons during Axion-SU(2) inflation
• Particle and entropy production in the running vacuum universe
• Dilatonic (anti-)de Sitter black holes and weak gravity conjecture
• Brans-Dicke cosmology with a \(\Lambda\)-term: a possible solution to \(\Lambda\)CDM tensions

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