Quantum anomalies in string-inspired running vacuum universe: inflation and axion dark matter

DOI10.1016/J.PHYSLETB.2020.135342zbMATH Open1434.83167arXiv2001.03465OpenAlexW3000302181MaRDI QIDQ2187807FDOQ2187807

Nick E. Mavromatos, Joan Solà Peracaula, Spyros Basilakos

Publication date: 3 June 2020

Published in: Physics Letters B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this letter, we elaborate further on a Cosmological "Running-Vacuum" type model for the Universe, suggested previously by the authors within the context of a string-inspired effective theory in the presence of a Kalb-Ramond (KR) gravitational axion field which descends from the antisymmetric tensor of the massless gravitational string multiplet. In the presence of this field, which has anomalous CP violating interactions with the gravitons, primordial gravitational waves induce gravitational anomalies, which in turn are responsible for the appearance of $H^2$ and $H^4$ contributions to the vacuum energy density, these terms being characteristic of generic "running-vacuum-model (RVM) type", where $H$ is the Hubble parameter. In this work we prove in detail the appearance of the $H^4$ terms due to gravitational-anomaly-induced condensates in the energy density of the primordial Universe, which can self-consistently induce inflation, and subsequent exit from it, according to the generic features of RVM. We also argue in favour of the robustness of our results, which were derived within an effective low-energy field theory approach, against Ultra Violet completion of the theory. During the radiation and matter-dominated eras, gravitational anomalies cancel, as required for the consistency of the quantum matter/radiation field theory. However, chiral and QCD-axion-type anomalies survive and have important consequences for both cosmic magnetogenesis and axionic dark matter in the Universe. Finally, the stringy RVM scenario presented here predicts quintessence-like dynamical dark energy for the current Universe, which is compatible with the existing fitting analyses of such model against observations

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.03465

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

String and superstring theories in gravitational theory (83E30) Relativistic cosmology (83F05) Dark matter and dark energy (83C56)

Cites Work

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• General relativity with spin and torsion: Foundations and prospects
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Cited In (7)

• Observational constraints on extended Proca-Nuevo gravity and cosmology
• Renormalization-group running induced cosmic inflation
• Stringy running vacuum model and current tensions in cosmology
• Effects of gravitational Chern-Simons during Axion-SU(2) inflation
• Brans–Dicke cosmology with a Λ-term: a possible solution to ΛCDM tensions*
• Particle and entropy production in the running vacuum universe
• Dilatonic (anti-)de Sitter black holes and weak gravity conjecture

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