Elliptic extension of Gustafson's q-integral of type G₂

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Abstract: The evaluation formula for an elliptic beta integral of type G2 is proved. The integral is expressed by a product of Ruijsenaars' elliptic gamma functions, and the formula includes that of Gustafson's q-beta integral of type G2 as a special limiting case as po0. The elliptic beta integral of type BC1 by van Diejen and Spiridonov is effectively used in the proof of the evaluation formula.


The main result of the paper is an elliptic extension of a \(q\)-integral of type \(G_2\) (type I) due to \textit{R. A. Gustafson} [SIAM J. Math. Anal. 21, 510--522 (1990; Zbl 0687.33012); Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 341, 69--119 (1994; Zbl 0796.33012)]. It is given by Theorem 1.2. Suppose that \(x_1x_2x_3=1\) and \(a_k\in\mathbb{C}^{*}\ (1\leq k\leq 5)\) satisfy \(|a_k|<1\). Under the balancing condition \((a_1a_2a_3a_4a_5)^2=pq\), we have \[ \frac{(p;p)_{\infty}(q;q)_{\infty}}{12(2\pi\sqrt{-1})^2}\, \iint_{\mathbb{T}^2}\,\frac{\prod_{i=1}^3\prod_{k=1}^5\Gamma(a_kx_i,a_kx_i^{-1};p,q)}{\prod_{1\leq i<j\leq 3}\Gamma(x_ix_j,x_i^{-1}x_j,x_ix_j^{-1},x_i^{-1}x_j^{-1} ;p,q)}\,\frac{dx_1}{x_1}\frac{dx_2}{x_2} \] \[ =\prod_{i=1}^5\frac{\Gamma(a_i^2;p,q)}{\Gamma(a_i;p,q)} \prod_{1\leq i<j\leq 5} \Gamma(a_ia_j;p,q) \] \[ \times\prod_{1\leq i<j<k\leq 5}\Gamma(a_ia_ja_k) \prod_{1\leq i<j<k<l\leq 5}\,\Gamma(a_ia_ja_ka_l;p,q). \] The authors indicate that the original result by Gustafson [loc. cit.] is a limiting case of their theorem; replace \(a_5\) by \(p^{1/2}a_5\) and then take the limit \(p\rightarrow 1\). The following notations are used: For fixed \(p,q\in\mathbb{C}^{*}\) with \(|p|<1,|q|<1\) the \textit{Ruijssenaars elliptic gamma function} is defined by \[\Gamma(u;p,q)=\frac{(pqu^{-1};p,q)_{\infty}}{(u;p,q)_{\infty}},\hbox{ where }(u;p,q)=\prod_{\mu,\nu=0}^{\infty}\,(1-p^{\mu}q^{\nu}u),\] \(\Gamma(u_1,\cdots,u_m;p,q)=\Gamma(u_1;p,q)\cdots \Gamma(u_1;p,q) \Gamma(u_m;p,q)\). \(\mathbb{T}\): the unit circle in \(\mathbb{C}\). The layout of the paper is as follows: \S1. Introduction (\(4\) pages) Historical background (a.o. the Askey-Wilson integral, multiple \(q\)-beta integrals, Gustafson's result), the main result, discussion of the method of proof. \S2. Root system \(\mathbf G_2\) (\(3\) pages) \S3. \(\mathbf G_2\) elliptic Gustafson integral and its \(q\)-difference equations (\(3\) pages) \S4. Analytic continuation (\(3\) pages) \S5. Coboundary operator \(\nabla_{\hbox{sym}}\) (\(4\frac{1}{2}\) pages) \S6. Proof of Lemma 3.2 (\(21\) pages) References (contains \(15\) items)











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