Nonconcavity of the spectral radius in Levinger's theorem

DOI10.1016/J.LAA.2020.07.028MaRDI QIDQ2199353zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Lee Altenberg, Joel E. Cohen

Publication date 16 September 2020

Published in Linear Algebra and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.02618

zbMATH Keywords

circuit matrixconvexitydirect sumhomotopynonuniform convergenceskew symmetric

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Norms of matrices, numerical range, applications of functional analysis to matrix theory (15A60) Toeplitz, Cauchy, and related matrices (15B05) Hermitian, skew-Hermitian, and related matrices (15B57) Spectrum, resolvent (47A10) Numerical range, numerical radius (47A12)

Abstract: Let $$ be a nonnegative irreducible square matrix and let $$ be its spectral radius and Perron-Frobenius eigenvalue. Levinger asserted and several have proven that $$ increases over $tin[0,1/2]$ and decreases over $tin[1/2,1]$. It has further been stated that $r(t)$ is concave over $tin(0,1)$. Here we show that the latter claim is false in general through a number of counterexamples, but prove it is true for $$, weighted shift matrices (but not cyclic weighted shift matrices), tridiagonal Toeplitz matrices, and the 3-parameter Toeplitz matrices from Fiedler, but not Toeplitz matrices in general. A general characterization of the range of $t$, or the class of matrices, for which the spectral radius is concave in Levinger's homotopy remains an open problem.

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Cited in

(5)

• Convexity and log convexity for the spectral radius
• Numerical range of matrices and Levinger's theorem
• A sharpened condition for strict log-convexity of the spectral radius via the bipartite graph
• Perron roots of a convex combination of a cone preserving map and its adjoint
• On convexity properties of the spectral radius of nonnegative matrices

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