Local models and global constraints for degeneracies and band crossings

DOI10.1016/J.GEOMPHYS.2020.103892MaRDI QIDQ2207482zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Ralph M. Kaufmann, Sergei Khlebnikov, Birgit Wehefritz-Kaufmann

Publication date 22 October 2020

Published in Journal of Geometry and Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.05751

zbMATH Keywords

geometrydeformationstopological invariantsband structurescondensed matter systems

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Formal methods and deformations in algebraic geometry (14D15) Degenerate elliptic equations (35J70) General topics in linear spectral theory for PDEs (35P05) Eta-invariants, Chern-Simons invariants (58J28) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) Statistical mechanics of solids (82D20) Statistical mechanics of nanostructures and nanoparticles (82D80) Differential geometric methods, including holonomy, Berry and Hannay phases, Aharonov-Bohm effect, etc. in quantum theory (81Q70) Flows related to complex manifolds (e.g., Kähler-Ricci flows, Chern-Ricci flows) (53E30)

Abstract: We study topological properties of families of Hamiltonians which may contain degenerate energy levels aka. band crossings. The primary tool are Chern classes, Berry phases and slicing by surfaces. To analyse the degenerate locus, we study local models. These give information about the Chern classes and Berry phases. We then give global constraints for the topological invariants. This is an hitherto relatively unexplored subject. The global constraints are more strict when incorporating symmetries such as time reversal symmetries. The results can also be used in the study of deformations. We furthermore use these constraints to analyse examples which include the Gyroid geometry, which exhibits Weyl points and triple crossings and the honeycomb geometry with its two Dirac points.

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Cited in

(6)

• Fully linear band crossings at high symmetry points in layers: classification and role of spin-orbit coupling and time reversal
• Winding vectors of topological defects: multiband Chern numbers
• A global theory of parametrized quantum mechanics
• Ubiquity of conical points in topological insulators
• Regularization of the Ostwald supersaturation model for Liesegang bands
• Classification of Hamiltonians in neighborhoods of band crossings in terms of the theory of singularities

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