On transcendental entire functions with infinitely many derivatives taking integer values at several points

Publication date 10 November 2020

Abstract: Let

s_{0}, s_{1}, d o t s, s_{m - 1}

be complex numbers and

r_{0}, d o t s, r_{m - 1}

rational integers in the range

0 l e r_{j} l e m - 1

. Our first goal is to prove that if an entire function

f

of sufficiently small exponential type satisfies

f^{(m n + r_{j})} (s_{j}) i n m a t h b b Z

for

0 l e j l e m - 1

and all sufficiently large

n

, then

f

is a polynomial. Under suitable assumptions on

s_{0}, s_{1}, d o t s, s_{m - 1}

and

r_{0}, d o t s, r_{m - 1}

, we introduce interpolation polynomials

L a m b d a_{n j}

, (

n g e 0

,

0 l e j l e m - 1

) satisfying

Lambda_{nj}^{(mk+r_ell)}(s_ell)=delta_{jell}delta_{nk}, quadhbox{for}quad n, kge 0 quadhbox{and}quad 0le j, ellle m-1

and we show that any entire function

f

of sufficiently small exponential type has a convergent expansion

f(z)=sum_{nge 0} sum_{j=0}^{m-1}f^{(mn+r_j)}(s_j)Lambda_{nj}(z).

The case

r_{j} = j

for

0 l e j l e m - 1

involves successive derivatives

f^{(n)} (w_{n})

of

f

evaluated at points of a periodic sequence

m a t h b f w = (w_{n})_{n g e 0}

of complex numbers, where

w_{m h + j} = s_{j}

(

h g e 0

,

0 l e j l e m

). More generally, given a bounded (not necessarily periodic) sequence

m a t h b f w = (w_{n})_{n g e 0}

of complex numbers, we consider similar interpolation formulae

f(z)=sum_{nge 0}f^{(n)}(w_n)Omega_{{mathbf{w}},n}(z)

involving polynomials

O m e g a_{m a t h b f w, n} (z)

which were introduced by W.~Gontcharoff in 1930. Under suitable assumptions, we show that the hypothesis

f^{(n)} (w_{n}) i n m a t h b b Z

for all sufficiently large

n

implies that

f

is a polynomial.

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