Almost automorphically and almost periodically forced circle flows of almost periodic parabolic equations on S^1

DOI10.1007/S10884-019-09786-7MaRDI QIDQ2211284zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Wenxian Shen, Yi Wang, Dun Zhou

Publication date 11 November 2020

Published in Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1507.01709

zbMATH Keywords

invariant manifoldsperiodic boundary conditionsminimal setszero numberFloquet bundlesnon-autonomous parabolic equations

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Almost and pseudo-almost periodic solutions to PDEs (35B15) Initial-boundary value problems for second-order parabolic equations (35K20) Semilinear parabolic equations (35K58) Inertial manifolds and other invariant attracting sets of infinite-dimensional dissipative dynamical systems (37L25)

Abstract: We consider the skew-product semiflow which is generated by a scalar reaction-diffusion equation �egin{equation*} u_{t}=u_{xx}+f(t,u,u_{x}),,,t>0,,xin S^{1}=mathbb{R}/2pi mathbb{Z}, end{equation*} where $f$ is uniformly almost periodic in $t$. The structure of the minimal set $M$ is thoroughly investigated under the assumption that the center space $V^c(M)$ associated with $M$ is no more than $2$-dimensional. Such situation naturally occurs while, for instance, $M$ is hyperbolic or uniquely ergodic. It is shown in this paper that $M$ is a $1$-cover of the hull $H(f)$ provided that $M$ is hyperbolic (equivalently, $mdim{V}^c(M)=0$). If $mdim{V}^c(M)=1$ (resp. $mdim{V}^c(M)=2$ with $mdim{V}^u(M)$ being odd), then either $M$ is an almost $1$-cover of $H(f)$ and topologically conjugate to a minimal flow in $mathbbRimesH(f)$; or $M$ can be (resp. residually) embedded into an almost periodically (resp. almost automorphically) forced circle-flow $S^{1}imesH(f)$. When $f(t,u,u_x)=f(t,u,-u_x)$ (which includes the case $f=f(t,u)$), it is proved that any minimal set $M$ is an almost $1$-cover of $H(f)$. In particular, any hyperbolic minimal set $M$ is a $1$-cover of $H(f)$. Furthermore, if $mdim{V}^c(M)=1$, then $M$ is either a $1$-cover of $H(f)$ or is topologically conjugate to a minimal flow in $mathbbRimesH(f)$. For the general spatially-dependent nonlinearity $f=f(t,x,u,u_x)$, we show that any stable or linearly stable minimal invariant set $M$ is residually embedded into $mathbb{R}^{2}imesH(f)$.

Recommendations

• Almost automorphically-forced flows on \(S^1\) or \(\mathbb{R}\) in one-dimensional almost periodic semilinear heat equations
• Ergodicity of minimal sets in scalar parabolic equations
• Long-time behavior of almost periodically forced parabolic equations on the circle
• On Minimal Sets of Scalar Parabolic Equations with Skew-Product Structures
• Structure of \(\omega\)-limit sets for almost-periodic parabolic equations on \(S^{1}\) with reflection symmetry

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Cited in

(8)

• Almost automorphy of minimal sets for C1${C}^{1}$‐smooth strongly monotone skew‐product semiflows on Banach spaces
• Long-time behavior of almost periodically forced parabolic equations on the circle
• Dynamics of periodically forced parabolic equations on the circle
• Lifting properties of minimal sets for parabolic equations on 𝑆¹ with reflection symmetry
• Non-wandering points for autonomous/periodic parabolic equations on the circle
• Almost automorphically-forced flows on \(S^1\) or \(\mathbb{R}\) in one-dimensional almost periodic semilinear heat equations
• Asymptotic almost periodicity of scalar parabolic equations with almost periodic time dependence
• Almost periodically forced circle flows

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