Transport properties of strongly coupled electron-phonon liquids

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2020.168218MaRDI QIDQ2213372zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Alex Levchenko, Jörg Schmalian

Publication date 1 December 2020

Published in Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.09694

zbMATH Keywords

drag viscosityelectron-phonon scatteringmagnetotransportnoisesuperdiffusion

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum hydrodynamics and relativistic hydrodynamics (76Y05) Quantum dynamics and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82C10) Transport processes in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C70)

Abstract: In this work we consider the hydrodynamic behavior of a coupled electron-phonon fluid, focusing on electronic transport under the conditions of strong phonon drag. This regime occurs when the rate of phonon equilibration due to e.g. umklapp scattering is much slower than the rate of normal electron-phonon collisions. Then phonons and electrons form a coupled out-of-equilibrium state where the total quasi-momentum of the electron-phonon fluid is conserved. A joint flow-velocity emerges as a collective hydrodynamic variable. We derive the equation of motion for this fluid from the underlying microscopic kinetic theory and elucidate its effective viscosity and thermal conductivity. In particular, we derive decay times of arbitrary harmonics of the distribution function and reveal its corresponding super-diffusive relaxation on the Fermi surface. We further consider several applications of this theory to magneto-transport properties in the Hall-bar and Corbino-disk geometries, relevant to experiments. In our analysis we allow for general boundary conditions that cover the crossover from no-slip to no-stress flows. Our approach also covers a crossover from the Stokes to the Ohmic regime under the conditions of the Gurzhi effect. In addition, we consider the frequency dependence of the surface impedance and non-equilibrium noise. For the latter, we notice that in the diffusive regime, a Fokker-Planck approximation, applied to the electron-phonon collision integral in the Eliashberg form, reduces it to a differential operator with Burgers nonlinearity. As a result, the non-equilibrium distribution function has a shock-wave structure in the energy domain. The consequence of this behavior for the Fano factor of the noise is investigated. In conclusion we discuss connections and limitations of our results in the context of recent electron-phonon drag measurements in Dirac and Weyl semimetals.

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Cites work

• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3154686 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4070476 (Why is no real title available?)
• Hydrodynamic approach to electronic transport in graphene
• The Boltzmann equation and its applications
• The hierarchy of excitation lifetimes in two-dimensional Fermi gases
• The Nernst effect in Corbino geometry
• Thermalization and possible signatures of quantum chaos in complex crystalline materials
• Universal linear and nonlinear electrodynamics of a Dirac fluid
• Viscosity of the Electron Gas in Metals

Cited in

(4)

• Charge-separated electron-hole liquid in transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures
• Study of frequency- and temperature-dependent electrical transport in heavy fermion systems
• Dynamic correlation effects on drag resistivity of a symmetric electron-electron bilayer
• A perspective on non-local electronic transport in metals: viscous, ballistic, and beyond

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