Robust nonlinear processing of active array data in inverse scattering via truncated reduced order models

DOI10.1016/J.JCP.2018.12.021zbMATH Open1451.65136arXiv1805.03747OpenAlexW2801771736WikidataQ118126686 ScholiaQ118126686MaRDI QIDQ2214554FDOQ2214554

Authors: L. Borcea, V. Druskin, Alexander V. Mamonov, M. Zaslavsky 

Publication date: 9 December 2020

Published in: Journal of Computational Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We introduce a novel algorithm for nonlinear processing of data gathered by an active array of sensors which probes a medium with pulses and measures the resulting waves. The algorithm is motivated by the application of array imaging. We describe it for a generic hyperbolic system that applies to acoustic, electromagnetic or elastic waves in a scattering medium modeled by an unknown coefficient called the reflectivity. The goal of imaging is to invert the nonlinear mapping from the reflectivity to the array data. Many existing imaging methodologies ignore the nonlinearity i.e., operate under the assumption that the Born (single scattering) approximation is accurate. This leads to image artifacts when multiple scattering is significant. Our algorithm seeks to transform the array data to those corresponding to the Born approximation, so it can be used as a pre-processing step for any linear inversion method. The nonlinear data transformation algorithm is based on a reduced order model defined by a proxy wave propagator operator that has four important properties. First, it is data driven, meaning that it is constructed from the data alone, with no knowledge of the medium. Second, it can be factorized in two operators that have an approximately affine dependence on the unknown reflectivity. This allows the computation of the Fr'{e}chet derivative of the reflectivity to the data mapping which gives the Born approximation. Third, the algorithm involves regularization which balances numerical stability and data fitting with accuracy of the order of the standard deviation of additive data noise. Fourth, the algebraic nature of the algorithm makes it applicable to scalar (acoustic) and vectorial (elastic, electromagnetic) wave data without any specific modifications.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.03747

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zbMATH Keywords

electromagnetic waveinverse scatteringacoustic wavemodel reductionelastic wavespectral truncationprocessing of sensor data

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Inverse problems for PDEs (35R30) Numerical methods for inverse problems for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M32) Inverse problems (including inverse scattering) in optics and electromagnetic theory (78A46) Numerical methods for low-rank matrix approximation; matrix compression (65F55)

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• When data driven reduced order modeling meets full waveform inversion
• Lippmann–Schwinger–Lanczos algorithm for inverse scattering problems
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