Global existence of weak solutions for the anisotropic compressible Stokes system

DOI10.1016/J.ANIHPC.2020.04.003MaRDI QIDQ2214929zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 10 December 2020

Published in Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré. Analyse Non Linéaire (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.09171

anisotropic viscous tensor compressible quasi-stationary Stokes equations defect measure existence result finite-energy weak solution stability

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Existence problems for PDEs: global existence, local existence, non-existence (35A01) Uniqueness problems for PDEs: global uniqueness, local uniqueness, non-uniqueness (35A02) Stability in context of PDEs (35B35) Weak solutions to PDEs (35D30) Strong solutions to PDEs (35D35) PDEs in connection with fluid mechanics (35Q35) Existence, uniqueness, and regularity theory for compressible fluids and gas dynamics (76N10)

Abstract: In this paper, we study the problem of global existence of weak solutions for the quasi-stationary compressible Stokes equations with an anisotropic viscous tensor. The key element of our proof is the control of a particular defect measure associated to the pressure which avoids the use of the eective ux. Using this new tool, we solve an open problem namely global existence of solutions {`a} la Leray for such a system without assuming any restriction on the anisotropy amplitude. It provides a exible and natural way to treat compressible quasilinear Stokes systems which are important for instance in biology, porous media, supra-conductivity or other applications in the low Reynolds number regime.

Review text

The authors consider the quasi-stationary compressible Stokes equations \(\partial _{t}\rho +div(\rho u)=0\), \(-\operatorname{div}\tau +a\nabla \rho^{\gamma }=f\), \(\gamma >1\), where \(u\) is the fluid velocity field, \(\rho \) the fluid density and \(\tau \) the viscous stress tensor defined through \(\tau _{ij}(t,x,D(u))=A_{ijkl}(t,x)D[u]_{kl}\), for a matrix \(A_{ijkl}(t,x)\in W^{1,\infty }((0,T)\times \mathbb{T}^{3})\). The initial condition \(\rho \mid_{t=0}=\rho _{0}\geq 0\) is imposed. The main result of the paper proves that if \(f\in W^{1,2}(0,T;L^{6/5}(\mathbb{T}^{3})\) satisfies \(\int_{\mathbb{T}^{3}}f(t)dx=0\), if \(\rho _{0}\geq 0\) further satisfies \(0<\int_{\mathbb{T}^{3}}\rho _{0}dx<+\infty \) and \(\int_{\mathbb{T}^{3}}\rho _{0}^{\gamma}dx<+\infty \), there exists a global weak solution \((\rho ,u)\) to the above system with \(\rho \in C([0,T];L_{weak}^{\gamma }(\mathbb{T}^{3}))\cap L^{2\gamma }((0,T)\times \mathbb{T}^{3})\), \(u\in L^{2}((0,T);H^{1}(\mathbb{T} ^{3}))\) and \(\int_{\mathbb{T}^{3}}udx=0\). The authors assume that \(A\) satisfies some symmetry properties and that the tensor \(\tau \) satisfies regularity hypotheses. For the proof, the authors first define a finite-energy weak solution to the problem \(\partial _{t}\rho +\operatorname{div}(\rho u)=0\), \(-\operatorname{div}\tau +\nabla \rho ^{\gamma }=f\), \(\rho \mid_{t=0}=\rho _{0}\geq 0\), as a pair \((\rho ,u)\in L^{\infty }(0,T;L^{\gamma }(\mathbb{T}^{3}))\times L^{2}(0,T;H^{1}(\mathbb{T}^{3}))\) which satisfies this problem in the sense of distributions, the mass conservation identity \(\int_{\mathbb{T}^{3}}\rho (t)=\int_{\mathbb{T}^{3}}\rho _{0}\) and the energy inequality \(\int_{\mathbb{T}^{3}}\rho ^{\gamma }+\int_{0}^{t}\int_{\mathbb{T}^{3}}\tau :\nabla udx\leq \int_{\mathbb{T}^{3}}\rho _{0}^{\gamma }+\int_{0}^{t}\int_{\mathbb{T}^{3}}u\cdot f\). They prove estimates and a stability property for sequences of finite-energy weak solutions, the limit satisfying an identity which involves a defect measure associated to the pressure. For the construction of solutions to the original problem, the authors introduce a regularized system with diffusion and drag terms in the density equation: \(\partial _{t}\rho +\operatorname{div}(\rho \omega _{\delta }\ast u)=\varepsilon \Delta \rho -\varepsilon \rho ^{2\gamma }-\varepsilon \rho^{2\gamma +1}-\varepsilon \rho ^{3}\), \(\mathcal{A}u+\nabla \omega _{\delta}\ast \rho ^{\gamma }=f\), where \(\omega _{\delta }\) is a regularizing kernel and \(\mathcal{A}\) is the application \(v\rightarrow -div\tau (t,x,D(v))\). The authors prove the global existence and uniqueness of a strong solution on \((0,T)\) using a fixed point argument. They pass to the limit with respect to the regularization parameter \(\delta \), then with respect to \(\varepsilon \), thanks to estimates and a weak stability result for the perturbed system, to obtain a global solution to the quasi-stationary compressible Stokes system. The paper ends with possible extensions of the main result to close systems.

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