Left-separating order types

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2020.107338zbMATH Open1465.54024arXiv1609.09695OpenAlexW3045536820MaRDI QIDQ2215674FDOQ2215674

Publication date: 14 December 2020

Published in: Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: A well ordering < of a topological space X is "left-separating" if

x^{'} i n X : x^{'} < x

is closed in X for any x in X. A space is "left-separated" if it has a left-separating well-ordering. The left-separating type,

o r d_{l} (X)

, of a left-separated space X is the minimum of the order types of the left-separating well orderings of X. We prove that (1) if

k a p p a

is a regular cardinal, then for each ordinal

a l p h a < {k a p p a}^{+}

there is a

T_{2}

space

X

with

o r d_{l} (X) = k a p p a c d o t a l p h a

; (2) if

k a p p a = {l a m b d a}^{+}

and

c f (l a m b d a) = l a m b d a > o m e g a

, then for each ordinal

a l p h a < {k a p p a}^{+}

there is a 0-dimensional space

X

with

o r d_{l} (X) = k a p p a c d o t a l p h a

; (3) if

k a p p a = 2^{o m e g a}

or

, where

, then for each ordinal

a l p h a < {k a p p a}^{+}

there is a locally compact, locally countable, 0-dimensional space

X

with

o r d_{l} (X) = k a p p a c d o t a l p h a

. The union of two left-separated spaces is not necessarily left-separated. We show, however, that if X is a countably tight space,

X = Y c u p Z, o r d_{l} (Y)

,

o r d_{l} (Z) < o m e g a_{1} c d o t o m e g a

, then

X

is also left-separated and

o r d_{l} (X) l e o r d_{l} (Y) + o r d_{l} (Z)

. We prove that it is consistent that there is a first countable, 0-dimensional space X, which is not left-separated, but there is a c.c.c poset Q such that in the generic extension

V^{Q}

we have

o r d_{l} (X) = o m e g a_{1} c d o t o m e g a

. However, if

X

is a topological space and

Q

is a c.c.c poset such that in in the generic extension

V^{Q}

we have

o r d_{l} (X) < o m e g a_{1} c d o t o m e g a

then X is left-separated even in

V

.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.09695

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zbMATH Keywords

preservation left separated spaces left separating order type

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Consistency and independence results in general topology (54A35) Linearly ordered topological spaces, generalized ordered spaces, and partially ordered spaces (54F05)

Cites Work

Cited In (3)

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