The average element order and the number of conjugacy classes of finite groups

DOI10.1016/J.JALGEBRA.2020.11.009MaRDI QIDQ2216533zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Alexander Moretó, Evgenii I. Khukhro, Mohammad Zarrin

Publication date 16 December 2020

Published in Journal of Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.08226

zbMATH Keywords

\(p\)-groupelement ordersnilpotent groupnumber of conjugacy classes

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ordinary representations and characters (20C15) Finite nilpotent groups, (p)-groups (20D15) Arithmetic and combinatorial problems involving abstract finite groups (20D60) Conjugacy classes for groups (20E45)

Abstract: Let $o(G)$ be the average order of the elements of $G$, where $G$ is a finite group. We show that there is no polynomial lower bound for $o(G)$ in terms of $o(N)$, where $NrianglelefteqG$, even when $G$ is a prime-power order group and $N$ is abelian. This gives a negative answer to a question of A.~Jaikin-Zapirain.

Review text

Let \(G\) be a finite group, \(g \in G\) and let \(|g|\) be the order of \(G\). The average order of the elements of \(G\) is the number \(o(G)=|G|^{-1} \sum_{g \in G}|g|\). \textit{A. Jaikin-Zapirain} in [Adv. Math. 227, No. 3, 1129--1143 (2011; Zbl 1227.20014)] posed the question: Let \(G\) be a finite (\(p\)-) group and \(N\) a normal (abelian) subgroup of \(G\). Is it true that \(o(G) \geq o(N)^{\frac{1}{2}}\,\)? The main result proved in the paper under review is Theorem 1.2: Let \(c>0\) be a real number and let \(p \geq 3/c\) be a prime. Then there exists a finite \(p\)-group \(G\) with a normal abelian subgroup \(N\) such that \(o(G) < o(N)^{c}\). By the condition \(p \geq 3/c\) in the previous theorem, putting \(c =1/2\) the authors obtain a negative answer to the question of Jaikin-Zapirain for all primes \(p \geq 7\) (and, with further work, they get a negative answer for all primes \(p \geq 5\)). In the second part of this article, related topics are discussed, in particular the relationship between \(o(G)\) and the number of conjugacy classes of \(G\).

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Cited in

(16)

• Another criterion for solvability of finite groups
• On the average order of a finite group
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• Finite groups with few average orders of subgroups

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