Quadratic integrals of geodesic flow, webs, and integrable billiards

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Publication:2223760



Abstract: We present a geometric interpretation of integrability of geodesic flow by quadratic integrals in terms of the web theory and construct integrable billiards on surfaces admitting such integrals.


The article deals with the geometry of special geodesic flows on a two-dimensional Riemann surface. Flows admitting quadratic integrals are characterized in terms of web theory. Earlier, the author of the article proved Theorem 1: a surface carries a hexagonal geodesic 3-web if and only if the geodesic flow on this surface admits a cubic first integral with distinct real roots (this statement is a generalization of the well-known Graf-Sauer theorem from the theory of 3-webs). Here the following statements is proved (Theorem 4): the geodesic flow on a surface admits a quadratic first integral if and only if the surface carries a geodesic net G such that one (and therefore any) 3-subweb of the 4-web constituted by the net G and bisector net N is hexagonal or, equivalently, such that the net N is conformally flat. Theorem 2 allows to construct integrable billiards similar to classical billiards in ellipses on the Euclidean plane. For example, such a billiard arises if the 4-web is formed by confocal conics and tangent lines to one of these conics. (Such a 4-web is locally diffeomorphic to a 4-web formed by 4 pencils of lines whose vertices are collinear and form a harmonic quadruple.) Other examples are also given, in particular, billiards for which the Poncelet porism holds. Reviewer's remark: It is well known that the metric admitting a quadratic integral is Liouville metric, and the Liouville net is the bisector net for $\infty$ geodesic nets.











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