Iterated towers of number fields by a quadratic map defined over the Gaussian rationals
Let \(k\) be an algebraic number field and let \(f(x)\in k(x)\). For an element \(b\in k\) let \(b_0=b,b_1,\dots\) be a sequence of numbers satisfying \(f(b_{n+1}) = b_n\) for \(n=0,1,2,\dots\) and put \(k_n=k(b_n)\). In an earlier paper [J. Number Theory 209, 289--311 (2020; Zbl 1469.11431)] the second author considered the case \(k=\mathbb Q, f(x)=x^2-2\) and studied the size of the \(2\)-part of the class-group of \(k_n\). In this paper a similar question is considered in the case when \(k\) contains \(\mathbb Q(i)\) and \[ f(x) = \frac i2\left(x-\frac 1x\right) \] is a function related to an endomorphism of the elliptic curve \(y^2=x^3+x\). Assuming that none of the elements \(\sqrt{b^2-1},\sqrt{b(b\pm1)}, \sqrt{b\pm1}, \sqrt b\) lies in \(k\) the authors show that the extensions \(k_{n+1}/k_{n-1}\) are Galois, determine their Galois groups, give some information about their ramification and class-number parity, and obtain similar results for the extensions \(K_{n+3}/K_n\), where \(K_n = k_n(\sqrt b)\).
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