Vertex operator algebras of rank 2: the Mathur-Mukhi-Sen theorem revisited

DOI10.4310/CNTP.2021.V15.N1.A2zbMATH Open1481.17050arXiv1803.11281MaRDI QIDQ2227769FDOQ2227769

Authors: Geoffrey Mason, Yuichi Sakai, Kiyokazu Nagatomo 

Publication date: 15 February 2021

Published in: Communications in Number Theory and Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let $V$ be a strongly regular vertex operator algebra and let $frak{ch}_V$ be the space spanned by the characters of the irreducible $V$-modules. It is known that $frak{ch}_V$ is the space of solutions of a so-called emph{modular linear differential equation (MLDE)}. In this paper we obtain a near-classification of those $V$ for which the corresponding MLDE is irreducible and monic of order $2$. As a consequence we derive the complete classification when $V$ has exactly two simple modules. It turns out that $V$ is either one of four affine Kac-Moody algebras of level $1$, or the Yang-Lee Virasoro model of central charge $-22/5$. Our proof establishes new connections between the characters of $V$ and Gauss hypergeometric series, and puts the finishing touches to work of Mathur, Mukhi and Sen who first considered this problem forty years ago.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.11281

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zbMATH Keywords

hypergeometric seriesmodular linear differential equationstrongly regular vertex operator algebra

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Classical hypergeometric functions, ({}_2F_1) (33C05) Vertex operators; vertex operator algebras and related structures (17B69)

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