Volume estimates for Alexandrov spaces with convex boundaries

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Publication:2245103



Abstract: In this note, we estimate the upper bound of volume of closed positively or nonnegatively curved Alexandrov space X with strictly convex boundary. We also discuss the equality case. In particular, the Boundary Conjecture holds when the volume upper bound is achieved. Our theorem also can be applied to Riemannian manifolds with non-smooth boundary, which generalizes Heintze and Karcher's classical volume comparison theorem. Our main tool is the gradient flow of semi-concave functions.


The article under review gives an estimate for the upper bound of volume of a closed positively curved Alexandrov space with strictly convex boundary. In particular the following result is shown: Theorem 0.2. Let \(X \in \text{Alex}^n(0)\) be an Alexandrov space with 1-convex boundary \(\partial X\). For \(0 < r \leq 1\) we have \[ \mu_n(B(\partial X, r)) \leq \mu_{n-1}(\partial X) \int_0^r (1-t)^{n-1}\, dt, \] with equality if and only if \(B(\partial X,r)\) is isometric to the warped product space \(\partial X \times_{1-t} [0,r]\). Let \(Y \in \text{Alex}^n(1)\) be an Alexandrov space. For \(0 < r \leq \pi / 2\), we have \[ \mu_n(B(\partial Y, r)) \leq \mu_{n-1}(\partial Y) \int_0^r \cos^{n-1}(t)\, dt, \] with equality if and only if \(B(\partial Y, r)\) is isometric to the warped product space \(\partial Y \times_{\cos(t)} [0,r]\). Let \(\rho_X = \text{d}_{\partial X}(\cdot) = \text{d}(\partial X, \cdot)\). The convexity of the level set of \(\rho_X\) is estimated as follows: Theorem 0.7 (Hessian comparison). Let \(X\) and \(Y\) be as in Theorem 0.2. Let \(G_X(t) = \rho_X^{-1}(t)\) be the level set of \(\rho_X\) and \(\Omega_X' := \rho_X^{-1}([t,a])\) be the super-level set of \(\rho_X\) in \(X\). The sets \(G_Y(t)\) and \(\Omega_Y'\) are similarly defined for \(Y\). Then we have the base-angle lower bounds \begin{itemize} \item[1.] \(\text{BA}(\Omega_X', G_X(t)) \geq \frac{1}{1-t}\) in \(X\), \item[2.] \(\text{BA}(\Omega_Y', G_Y(t)) \geq \tan(t)\) in \(Y\), \end{itemize} where we view \(\Omega_X'\) and \(\Omega_Y'\) as stand-alone Alexandrov spaces with boundary.











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