Sharp degree bounds for sum-of-squares certificates on projective curves

DOI10.1016/J.MATPUR.2018.12.010MaRDI QIDQ2274017zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Grigoriy Blekherman, Gregory G. Smith, Mauricio Velasco

Publication date 19 September 2019

Published in Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1605.08330

zbMATH Keywords

real algebraic geometrysums of squaressurfaces of minimal degreespecial curves

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Real algebraic sets (14P05) Fields related with sums of squares (formally real fields, Pythagorean fields, etc.) (12D15) Special algebraic curves and curves of low genus (14H45)

Abstract: Given a real projective curve with homogeneous coordinate ring R and a nonnegative homogeneous element f in R, we bound the degree of a nonzero homogeneous sum-of-squares g in R such that the product fg is again a sum of squares. Better yet, our degree bounds only depend on geometric invariants of the curve and we show that there exist smooth curves and nonnegative elements for which our bounds are sharp. We deduce the existence of a multiplier g from a new Bertini Theorem in convex algebraic geometry and prove sharpness by deforming rational Harnack curves on toric surfaces. Our techniques also yield similar bounds for multipliers on surfaces of minimal degree, generalizing Hilbert's work on ternary forms.

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Cited in

(4)

• Approximate super-resolution of positive measures in all dimensions
• Harmonic Hierarchies for Polynomial Optimization
• High degree sum of squares proofs, Bienstock-Zuckerberg hierarchy and CG cuts
• Positivity certificates and polynomial optimization on non-compact semialgebraic sets

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