Hereditary tree growth and Lévy forests

DOI10.1016/J.SPA.2018.10.007zbMATH Open1471.60135arXiv1211.2179OpenAlexW2963779951MaRDI QIDQ2274253FDOQ2274253

Authors: Matthias Winkel, Thomas S. A. Duquesne 

Publication date: 19 September 2019

Published in: Stochastic Processes and their Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We introduce the notion of a hereditary property for rooted real trees and we also consider reduction of trees by a given hereditary property. Leaf-length erasure, also called trimming, is included as a special case of hereditary reduction. We only consider the metric structure of trees, and our framework is the space $$ of pointed isometry classes of locally compact rooted real trees equipped with the Gromov-Hausdorff distance. Some of the main results of the paper are a general tightness criterion in $$ and limit theorems for growing families of trees. We apply these results to Galton-Watson trees with exponentially distributed edge lengths. This class is preserved by hereditary reduction. Then we consider families of such Galton-Watson trees that are consistent under hereditary reduction and that we call growth processes. We prove that the associated families of offspring distributions are completely characterised by the branching mechanism of a continuous-state branching process. We also prove that such growth processes converge to Levy forests. As a by-product of this convergence, we obtain a characterisation of the laws of Levy forests in terms of leaf-length erasure and we obtain invariance principles for discrete Galton-Watson trees, including the super-critical cases.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1211.2179

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zbMATH Keywords

limit theoremsGromov-Hausdorff distanceinvariance principletightnessGalton-Watson treecontinuous-state branching processreal treeleaf erasureLévy tree

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Processes with independent increments; Lévy processes (60G51) Functional limit theorems; invariance principles (60F17) Branching processes (Galton-Watson, birth-and-death, etc.) (60J80)

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Cited In (10)

• Regenerative real trees
• On the genealogy of conditioned stable Lévy forests
• Invariant Galton–Watson trees: metric properties and attraction with respect to generalized dynamical pruning
• Dynamical pruning of rooted trees with applications to 1-D ballistic annihilation
• Probabilistic and fractal aspects of Lévy trees
• Growth of Lévy trees
• Random self-similar trees: a mathematical theory of Horton laws
• Invariance and attraction properties of Galton-Watson trees
• Exit times for an increasing Lévy tree-valued process
• Gromov-Hausdorff-Prokhorov convergence of vertex cut-trees of \(n\)-leaf Galton-Watson trees

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