On the derivatives of the integer-valued polynomials

DOI10.7169/FACM/1786MaRDI QIDQ2285759zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 9 January 2020

Published in Functiones et Approximatio. Commentarii Mathematici (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.07560, https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.facm/1572055501

integer-valued polynomials least common multiple

Multiplicative structure; Euclidean algorithm; greatest common divisors (11A05) Polynomial rings and ideals; rings of integer-valued polynomials (13F20)

Abstract: In this paper, we study the derivatives of an integer-valued polynomial of a given degree. Denoting by

E_{n}

the set of the integer-valued polynomials with degree

l e q n

, we show that the smallest positive integer

c_{n}

satisfying the property:

f o r a l l P i n E_{n}, c_{n} P^{'} i n E_{n}

is

c_{n} = m a t h r m l c m (1, 2, d o t s, n)

. As an application, we deduce an easy proof of the well-known inequality

m a t h r m l c m (1, 2, d o t s, n) g e q 2^{n - 1}

(

f o r a l l n g e q 1

). In the second part of the paper, we generalize our result for the derivative of a given order

k

and then we give two divisibility properties for the obtained numbers

c_{n, k}

(generalizing the

c_{n}

's). Leaning on this study, we conclude the paper by determining, for a given natural number

n

, the smallest positive integer

l a m b d a_{n}

satisfying the property:

f o r a l l P i n E_{n}

,

f o r a l l k i n m a t h b b N

:

l a m b d a_{n} P^{(k)} i n E_{n}

. In particular, we show that:

l a m b d a_{n} = p r o d_{p e x t p r i m e} p^{l f l o o r f r a c n p f l o o r}

(

f o r a l l n i n m a t h b b N

).

Review text

Let \(n\) be a natural number and Int\(_n(\mathbb{Z})\) be the set of integer-valued polynomials of degree at most \(n.\) If we denote by \(c_{n,k}\) the smallest positive integer such that for any \(P\in \mathrm{Int}_n(\mathbb{Z}),\ c_{n,k}P^{(k)}\in \mathrm{Int}_n(\mathbb{Z}),\) Theorem 3.1 of the paper under review gives the form of \(c_{n,k}.\) In particular it is shown that \(c_n:=c_{n,1}=\mathrm{lcm}(1,2,\ldots,n).\) Furthermore, the smallest positive integer \(\lambda_n\) satisfying the property that for any \(P\in \mathrm{Int}_n(\mathbb{Z})\) and any \(k\in\mathbb{N}, \lambda_nP^{(k)}\in \mathrm{Int}_n(\mathbb{Z})\) is computed. Several applications are given.

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