Spectral multipliers via resolvent type estimates on non-homogeneous metric measure spaces
Let \((X, d, \mu)\) be a metric measure space with metric \(d\) and measure \(\mu\). Let \(V_r(x)\), \(x\in X\), \(r>0\), be the volume function defined by \[V_r(x)=\mu(B(x,r)), \] where \(B(x,r)\) denotes the ball in \(X\) with radius \(r\) centered at \(x\). For a real-valued function \(W\) on \(X\), define the multiplication operator \(M_W\) by \(M_Wf(x)=W(x)f(x)\). If \(T\) is an operator for which the composite \(M_WT\) is considered, \(M_WT\) is written simply by \(WT\). In Theorem 1.1 the authors consider a self-adjoint, non-negative operator \(L\) on \(L^2(X)\) which satisfies the finite propagation speed property for the corresponding wave equation. The operator \(L\) is assumed to satisfy that there exist \(\sigma>0\) and \(\kappa\geq0\) such that \[\|V_t^{1/2}(I+t^2L)^{-\sigma}\|_{2\to\infty}\leq C(1+t^2)^\kappa \] for all \(t>0\). Then it is shown that \[\|e^{i\xi tL}e^{-tL}\|_{1\to 1}\leq C(1+\xi^2)^{\sigma+\kappa+1/4}(1+t)^\kappa \] for all \(t>0\) and all \(\xi\in \mathbb R\). Also, by applying the estimate, the boundedness of \(F(L)\) on \(L^p(X)\), \(1\leq p\leq \infty\), is proved, where \(F\) is a bounded Borel function in \(H^s(\mathbb R)\), \(s>2\sigma+2\kappa+1\), supported in \([-1, 1]\) and \(F(L)\) is defined by using the spectral resolution of \(L\); further, the following estimate is given: \[\|F(tL)\|_{p\to p}\leq C(1+t)^\kappa\|F\|_{H^s}. \] Theorem 1.1 is applied to get interesting results for the Laplace-Belltrami operators on manifolds with ends and strongly subcritical Schrödinger operators. It is to be noted that the formula including the Gamma function at the beginning of the proof of Theorem 1.1 should be \[\frac{1}{\Gamma(a+1)}\int_0^\infty (s-x^2)_+^a e^{-s}\, ds =e^{-x^2}, \] where \(\Gamma(a+1)\) is replaced by \(\Gamma(a)\) in the article under review and the formula is valid for \(a>-1\). The abstract written by the authors is as follows: ``We describe a simple but surprisingly effective technique of obtaining spectral multiplier results for abstract operators which satisfy the finite propagation speed property for the corresponding wave equation propagator. We show that, in this setting, spectral multipliers follow from resolvent or semigroup type estimates. The most notable point of the paper is that our approach is very flexible and can be applied even if the corresponding ambient space does not satisfy the doubling condition or if the semigroup generated by an operator is not uniformly bounded. As a corollary we obtain \(L^p\) spectrum independence for several second order differential operators and recover some known results. Our examples include the Laplace-Belltrami operator on manifolds with ends and Schrödinger operators with strongly subcritical potentials.
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