Model of pattern formation in marsh ecosystems with nonlocal interactions
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Publication:2299261
DOI10.1007/S00285-019-01437-1zbMATH Open1435.92095arXiv1907.01983OpenAlexW2979958786WikidataQ90673306 ScholiaQ90673306MaRDI QIDQ2299261FDOQ2299261
Authors: Sofya Zaytseva, Junping Shi, Leah B. Shaw 
Publication date: 21 February 2020
Published in: Journal of Mathematical Biology (Search for Journal in Brave)
Abstract: Smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora is a grass species commonly found in tidal marshes. It is an ecosystem engineer, capable of modifying the structure of its surrounding environment through various feedbacks. The scale-dependent feedback between marsh grass and sediment volume is particularly of interest. Locally, the marsh vegetation attenuates hydrodynamic energy, enhancing sediment accretion and promoting further vegetation growth. In turn, the diverted water flow promotes the formation of erosion troughs over longer distances. This scale-dependent feedback may explain the characteristic spatially varying marsh shoreline, commonly observed in nature. We propose a mathematical framework to model grass-sediment dynamics as a system of reaction-diffusion equations with an additional nonlocal term quantifying the short-range positive and long-range negative grass-sediment interactions. We use a Mexican-hat kernel function to model this scale-dependent feedback. We perform a steady state biharmonic approximation of our system and derive conditions for the emergence of spatial patterns, corresponding to a spatially varying marsh shoreline. We find that the emergence of such patterns depends on the spatial scale and strength of the scale-dependent feedback, specified by the width and amplitude of the Mexican-hat kernel function.
Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.01983
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Population dynamics (general) (92D25) Ecology (92D40) Pattern formations in context of PDEs (35B36) Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57) PDEs in connection with biology, chemistry and other natural sciences (35Q92)
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Cited In (6)
- On a mathematical model for cancer invasion with repellent pH-taxis and nonlocal intraspecific interaction
- On equilibrium solutions to nonlocal mechanistic models in ecology
- Effect of nonlocal delay with strong kernel on vegetation pattern
- Pattern formation in marsh ecosystems modeled through the interaction of marsh vegetation, mussels and sediment
- Nonlocal interactions between vegetation induce spatial patterning
- Bifurcation and pattern formation in an activator-inhibitor model with non-local dispersal
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