Self-adjoint indefinite Laplacians

DOI10.1007/S11854-019-0057-ZzbMATH Open1444.47039arXiv1611.00696OpenAlexW3105779169WikidataQ127064316 ScholiaQ127064316MaRDI QIDQ2299472FDOQ2299472

Claudio Cacciapuoti, Konstantin Pankrashkin, Andrea Posilicano

Publication date: 21 February 2020

Published in: Journal d'Analyse Mathématique (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let $Omeg{a}_{-}$ and $Omeg{a}_{+}$ be two bounded smooth domains in $mathbb{R}^n$, $nge2$, separated by a hypersurface $Sigma$. For $mu>0$, consider the function $h_{m}u=1_{Omeg{a}_{-}}-mu{1}_{Omeg{a}_{+}}$. We discuss self-adjoint realizations of the operator $L_{mu}=-ablacdot{h}_{m}uabla$ in $L^2(Omeg{a}_{-}cupOmeg{a}_{+})$ with the Dirichlet condition at the exterior boundary. We show that $L_{m}u$ is always essentially self-adjoint on the natural domain (corresponding to transmission-type boundary conditions at the interface $Sigma$) and study some properties of its unique self-adjoint extension $mathcal{L}_{m}u:=overline{L}_{m}u$. If $mue1$, then $mathcal{L}_{m}u$ simply coincides with $L_{m}u$ and has compact resolvent. If $n=2$, then $mathcal{L}_1$ has a non-empty essential spectrum, $sigm{a}_{m}athrmess(mathcal{L}_1)=0$. If $nge3$, the spectral properties of $mathcal{L}_1$ depend on the geometry of $Sigma$. In particular, it has compact resolvent if $Sigma$ is the union of disjoint strictly convex hypersurfaces, but can have a non-empty essential spectrum if a part of $Sigma$ is flat. Our construction features the method of boundary triplets, and the problem is reduced to finding the self-adjoint extensions of a pseudodifferential operator on $Sigma$. We discuss some links between the resulting self-adjoint operator $mathcal{L}_{m}u$ and some effects observed in negative-index materials.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.00696

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zbMATH Keywords

spectral propertiesnegative-index materialsindefinite Laplacians

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Laplace operator, Helmholtz equation (reduced wave equation), Poisson equation (35J05) Singular perturbations in context of PDEs (35B25) Resonance in context of PDEs (35B34) PDEs in connection with optics and electromagnetic theory (35Q60) Linear symmetric and selfadjoint operators (unbounded) (47B25) Electromagnetic theory (general) (78A25) Waves and radiation in optics and electromagnetic theory (78A40)

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Cited In (10)

• Spectral properties of the inhomogeneous Drude-Lorentz model with dissipation
• Spectral analysis of polygonal cavities containing a negative-index material
• Spectral transition for Dirac operators with electrostatic \(\delta\)-shell potentials supported on the straight line
• Spectral analysis and domain truncation for Maxwell's equations
• Two-dimensional Dirac operators with singular interactions supported on closed curves
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• On the absolutely continuous spectrum of self-adjoint extensions
• Spectral analysis of metamaterials in curved manifolds
• Can dissipative Maxwell systems have open disks of eigenvalues?

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