Chordality, d-collapsibility, and componentwise linear ideals

DOI10.1016/J.JCTA.2019.105204MaRDI QIDQ2299646zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Publication date 21 February 2020

Published in Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.07211

Betti number chordality, collapsibility linear resolution simplicial complex

Combinatorial aspects of commutative algebra (05E40) Combinatorial aspects of simplicial complexes (05E45) Syzygies, resolutions, complexes and commutative rings (13D02) Commutative rings defined by monomial ideals; Stanley-Reisner face rings; simplicial complexes (13F55)

Abstract: Using the concept of

d

-collapsibility from combinatorial topology, we define chordal simplicial complexes and show that their Stanley-Reisner ideals are componentwise linear. Our construction is inspired by and an extension of "chordal clutters which was defined by Bigdeli, Yazdan Pour and Zaare-Nahandi in 2017, and characterizes Betti tables of all ideals with linear resolution in a polynomial ring. We show $d$ -collapsible and $d$ -representable complexes produce componentwise linear ideals for appropriate $d$ . Along the way, we prove that there are generators that when added to the ideal, do not change Betti numbers in certain degrees. We then show that large classes of componentwise linear ideals, such as Gotzmann ideals and square-free stable ideals have chordal Stanley-Reisner complexes, that Alexander duals of vertex decomposable complexes are chordal, and conclude that the Betti table of every componentwise linear ideal is identical to that of the Stanley-Reisner ideal of a chordal complex.

Review text

Let $K$ be a field, $S=K[x_1,\ldots,x_n]$ and $\Gamma$ be a simplicial complex on $[n]=\{1,\ldots,n\}.$ It is a well-known theorem of Fröberg that the edge ideal of a graph $G$ has a linear resolution if and only if the complement of $G$ is a chordal graph. There are several generalizations of chordal graphs to higher dimensions, such that an statement similar to this theorem of Fröberg holds in higher dimensions, at least one-sided. One such generalization which is considered in this paper, was introduced in [\textit{M. Bigdeli} et al., J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A 145, 129--149 (2017; Zbl 1355.05285)]. This concept was introduced in terms of clutters. In this paper, the authors change the perspective to simplicial complexes and reveal a strong relation between chordality and collapsibility of simplicial complexes and use this relation to study chordal complexes. To be more concrete, the authors say the simplicial complex $\Gamma$ is $d$-chordal, when the $(d+1)$-uniform clutter consisting of all $d$-faces of $\Gamma$, is chordal in the sense of the aforementioned paper. Also $\Gamma$ is called chordal, when it is $d$-chordal for all $d\geq 1$. They prove that if $\Gamma$ is $d$-collapsible, then it is $t$-chordal for all $t\geq d$. Now let $\Delta_d(\Gamma)$ be the simplicial complex which contains all subsets of $[n]$ with size at most $d$, also whose $d$-faces are exactly as $d$-faces of $\Gamma$ and in which a subset of $[n]$ with size more than $d+1$ is a face if and only if all of its subsets are faces. This complex is called the $d$-closure of $\Gamma$ and if $\Gamma=\Delta_d(\Gamma)$, then $\Gamma$ is said to be a $d$-closure. It is shown that if $\Gamma$ is a $d$-closure, then $\Gamma$ is $d$-chordal if and only if it is $d$-collapsible if and only if it is chordal. The authors use this relation to show that all induced subcomplexes of a chordal complex are chordal. A face $E$ of $\Gamma$ is called a free face, if it is contained in exactly one facet of $\Gamma$. Free faces are key to the definitions of both $d$-chordal and $d$-collapsible complexes. Suppose that $I=I_\Gamma$ is the Stanley-Reisner ideal of $\Gamma$ and $E$ is a free face of $\Gamma$. Theorem 4.5 of the paper, shows that most of the graded Betti numbers of the ideals $I+(x_E)$ and $I$ are the same, where $x_E=\prod_{i\in E} x_i$. Moreover, If all minimal generators of $I$ have degree $\leq |E|+1$, then most of the graded Betti numbers of $I$ and $I+(x_mx_E|m\in A)$, where $A$ is a certain subset of $[n]\setminus E$, are the same. As a consequence, they deduce that if $\Gamma$ is chordal, then $I$ is componentwise linear. This was previously known only when $I$ was equigenerated. At the end, the authors consider certain classes of componentwise linear ideals and show that they come from chordal complexes.

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