On the integrability of the Abel and of the extended Liénard equations

DOI10.1007/S10255-019-0847-1MaRDI QIDQ2300513zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors M. K. Mak, Tiberiu Harko

Publication date 27 February 2020

Published in Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica. English Series (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.03730

zbMATH Keywords

general solutionsintegrability conditionsAbel equationLiénard equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Explicit solutions, first integrals of ordinary differential equations (34A05) Nonlinear ordinary differential equations and systems (34A34)

Abstract: We present some exact integrability cases of the extended Li'{e}nard equation $y^{primeprime}+fleft(yight)left(y^{prime}ight{)}^n+kleft(yight)left(y^{prime}ight{)}^m+gleft(yight)y^{prime}+hleft(yight)=0$, with $n>0$ and $m>0$ arbitrary constants, while $f(y)$, $k(y)$, $g(y)$, and $h(y)$ are arbitrary functions. The solutions are obtained by transforming the equation Li'{e}nard equation to an equivalent first kind first order Abel type equation given by $fracdvdy=fleft(yight)v^{3-n}+kleft(yight)v^{3-m}+gleft(yight)v^2+hleft(yight)v^3$, with $v=1/y^{prime}$. As a first step in our study we obtain three integrability cases of the extended quadratic-cubic Li'{e}nard equation, corresponding to $n=2$ and $m=3$, by assuming that particular solutions of the associated Abel equation are known. Under this assumption the general solutions of the Abel and Li'{e}nard equations with coefficients satisfying some differential conditions can be obtained in an exact closed form. With the use of the Chiellini integrability condition, we show that if a particular solution of the Abel equation is known, the general solution of the extended quadratic cubic Li'{e}nard equation can be obtained by quadratures. The Chiellini integrability condition is extended to generalized Abel equations with $g(y)equiv0$ and $h(y)equiv0$, and arbitrary $n$ and $m$, thus allowing to obtain the general solution of the corresponding Li'{e}nard equation. The application of the generalized Chiellini condition to the case of the reduced Riccati equation is also considered.

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• Abel ordinary differential equation, differential algebra and projective connections
• Expression of the symmetries of Whitham-type equations in terms of Abelian integrals
• A Chebyshev criterion for at most two non-zero limit cycles in Abel equations
• On the integrability conditions for a family of Liénard-type equations

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