On the convergence of data assimilation for the one-dimensional shallow water equations with sparse observations
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Publication:2305566
Wave equation (35L05) PDEs in connection with fluid mechanics (35Q35) PDEs in connection with geophysics (35Q86) PDEs in connection with control and optimization (35Q93) Numerical optimization and variational techniques (65K10) Finite difference methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M06) Finite volume methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M08) Hydrology, hydrography, oceanography (86A05) Observability (93B07)
Abstract: The shallow water equations (SWE) are a widely used model for the propagation of surface waves on the oceans. We consider the problem of optimally determining the initial conditions for the one-dimensional SWE in an unbounded domain from a small set of observations of the sea surface height. In the linear case we prove a theorem that gives sufficient conditions for convergence to the true initial conditions. At least two observation points must be used and at least one pair of observation points must be spaced more closely than half the effective minimum wavelength of the energy spectrum of the initial conditions. This result also applies to the linear wave equation. Our analysis is confirmed by numerical experiments for both the linear and nonlinear SWE data assimilation problems. These results show that convergence rates improve with increasing numbers of observation points and that at least three observation points are required for the practically useful results. Better results are obtained for the nonlinear equations provided more than two observation points are used. This paper is a first step in understanding the conditions for observability of the SWE for small numbers of observation points in more physically realistic settings.
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Cited in
(6)- Semiparametric method of data assimilation for initial value problem of shallow water equations
- Accelerating inverse inference of ensemble Kalman filter via reduced-order model trained using adaptive sparse observations
- Partial observability for the shallow water equations
- On the recovery of initial status for linearized shallow-water wave equation by data assimilation with error analysis
- A new approach to numerical solution of the time-fractional KdV-Burgers equations using least squares support vector regression
- On the inadequacy of nudging data assimilation algorithms for non-dissipative systems
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