Solvability of equations by quadratures and Newton's theorem

DOI10.1007/S40598-018-0091-4zbMATH Open1423.12006arXiv1808.06328OpenAlexW2886927610MaRDI QIDQ2313974FDOQ2313974

Authors: A. G. Khovanskii 

Publication date: 25 July 2019

Published in: Arnold Mathematical Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Picard--Vessiot theorem (1910) provides a necessary and sufficient condition for solvability of linear differential equations of order $n$ by quadratures in terms of its Galois group. It is based on the differential Galois theory and is rather involved. J.Liouville in 1839 found an elementary criterium for such solvability for $n=2$. J.F.Ritt simplified Liouville's theorem (1948). In 1973 M. Rosenlicht proved a similar criterium for arbitrary $n$. Rosenlicht work relies on the valuation theory and is not elementary. In these notes we show that the elementary Liouville--Ritt method based on developing solutions in Puiseux series as functions of a parameter works smoothly for arbitrary $n$ and proves the same criterium.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.06328

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zbMATH Keywords

linear differential equationsolvability by quadratures

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Explicit solutions, first integrals of ordinary differential equations (34A05) Implicit ordinary differential equations, differential-algebraic equations (34A09) Differential algebra (12H05)

Cites Work

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Cited In (7)

• Comments on J. F. Ritt's book \textit{Integration in finite terms}
• On a posteriori approximation of the set of solutions to a system of quadratic equations using Newton’s method
• Riccati differential equation for hypergeometric differential equation
• A brief comment on the paper: ``Solvability of equations in elementary functions by Kanel-Belov, Malistov and Zaytsev
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Solvability of the Goursat problem in quadratures
• Newton Quadrilaterals, the Associated Cubic Equations, and Their Rational Solutions

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