On scalaron decay via the trace of energy-momentum tensor

DOI10.1007/JHEP07(2019)172zbMATH Open1418.83075arXiv1902.05209MaRDI QIDQ2317822FDOQ2317822

Authors: Ayuki Kamada 

Publication date: 12 August 2019

Published in: Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In some inflation scenarios such as $R^2$ inflation, a gravitational scalar degrees of freedom called scalaron is identified as inflaton. Scalaron linearly couples to matter via the trace of energy-momentum tensor. We study scenarios with a sequestered matter sector, where the trace of energy-momentum tensor predominantly determines the scalaron coupling to matter. In a sequestered setup, heavy degrees of freedom are expected to decouple from low-energy dynamics. On the other hand, it is non-trivial to see the decoupling since scalaron couples to a mass term of heavy degrees of freedom. Actually, when heavy degrees of freedom carry some gauge charge, the amplitude of scalaron decay to two gauge bosons does not vanish in the heavy mass limit. Here the quantum contribution to the trace of energy-momentum tensor plays an essential role. This quantum contribution is known as trace anomaly or Weyl anomaly. The trace anomaly contribution from heavy degrees of freedom cancels with the contribution from the $itclassical$ scalaron coupling to a mass term of heavy degrees of freedom. We see how trace anomaly appears both in the Fujikawa method and in dimensional renormalization. In dimensional renormalization, one can evaluate the scalaron decay amplitude in principle at all orders, while it is unclear how to process it beyond the one-loop level in the Fujikawa method. We consider scalaron decay to two gauge bosons via the trace of energy-momentum tensor in quantum electrodynamics with scalars and fermions. We evaluate the decay amplitude at the leading order to demonstrate the decoupling of heavy degrees of freedom.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.05209

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zbMATH Keywords

anomalies in field and string theoriescosmology of theories beyond the SM

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Anomalies in quantum field theory (81T50) Quantization of the gravitational field (83C45) Relativistic gravitational theories other than Einstein's, including asymmetric field theories (83D05) Relativistic cosmology (83F05) Astrophysical cosmology (85A40)

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Cited In (4)

• Dynamic scale anomalous transport in QCD with electromagnetic background
• A hyperboloidal study of tail decay rates for scalar and Yang–Mills fields
• Scalaron dark matter and the thermal history of the universe
• Scalar field couplings to quadratic curvature and decay into gravitons

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