The Morse property for functions of Kirchhoff-Routh path type

Abstract: For a bounded domain

O m e g a s u b s e t m a t h b b R^{n}

let

H_{O} m e g a : O m e g a i m e s O m e g a o m a t h b b R

be the regular part of the Dirichlet Green function for the Laplace operator. Given a fixed arbitrary

{m a t h c a l C}^{2}

function

f : m a t h c a l D o m a t h b b R

, defined on an open subset

m a t h c a l D s u b s e t m a t h b b R^{n N}

, and fixed coefficients

l a m b d a_{1}, d o t s, l a m b d a_{N} i n m a t h b b R s e t m i n u s 0

we consider the function

f_{O} m e g a : m a t h c a l D c a p O m e g a^{N} o m a t h b b R

defined as [ f_Omega(x_1,dots,x_N) = f(x_1,dots,x_N) - sum_{j,k=1}^N lambda_jlambda_k H_Omega(x_j,x_k). ] We prove that

f_{O} m e g a

is a Morse function for most domains

O m e g a

of class

{m a t h c a l C}^{m + 2, a l p h a}

, any

m g e 0

,

0 < a l p h a < 1

. This applies in particular to the Robin function

h : O m e g a o m a t h b b R

,

h (x) = H_{O} m e g a (x, x)

, and to the Kirchhoff-Routh path function where

O m e g a s u b s e t m a t h b b R^{2}

,

x_j

e x_k $f o r$ j e k, and [ f(x_1,dots,x_N) = - frac{1}{2pi}sum_{genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{j,k=1}{j

e k}}^Nlambda_jlambda_klog|x_j-x_k|. ]

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