Toxin-mediated competition in weakly motile bacteria
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Publication:2324907
DOI10.1016/J.JTBI.2019.07.013zbMATH Open1420.92119arXiv1903.04619OpenAlexW2964057675WikidataQ92204544 ScholiaQ92204544MaRDI QIDQ2324907FDOQ2324907
Authors: Andrew D. Dean, Malcolm J. Horsburgh, Bakhti Vasiev 
Publication date: 12 September 2019
Published in: Journal of Theoretical Biology (Search for Journal in Brave)
Abstract: Many bacterial species produce toxins that inhibit their competitors. We model this phenomenon by extending classic two-species Lotka-Volterra competition in one spatial dimension to incorporate toxin production by one species. Considering solutions comprising two adjacent single-species colonies, we show how the toxin inhibits the susceptible species near the interface between the two colonies. Moreover, a sufficiently effective toxin inhibits the susceptible species to such a degree that an `inhibition zone' is formed separating the two colonies. In the special case of truly non-motile bacteria, i.e. with zero bacterial diffusivity, we derive analytical expressions describing the bacterial distributions and size of the inhibition zone. In the more general case of weakly motile bacteria, i.e. small bacterial diffusivity, these two-colony solutions become travelling waves. We employ numerical methods to show that the wavespeed is dependent upon both interspecific competition and toxin strength; precisely which colony expands at the expense of the other depends upon the choice of parameter values. In particular, a sufficiently effective toxin allows the producer to expand at the expense of the susceptible, with a wavespeed magnitude that is bounded above as the toxin strength increases. This asymptotic wavespeed is independent of interspecific competition and due to the formation of the inhibition zone; when the colonies are thus separated, there is no longer direct competition between the two species and the producer can invade effectively unimpeded by its competitor. We note that the minimum toxin strength required to produce an inhibition zone increases rapidly with increasing bacterial diffusivity, suggesting that even moderately motile bacteria must produce very strong toxins if they are to benefit in this way.
Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.04619
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Population dynamics (general) (92D25) Ecology (92D40) Traveling wave solutions (35C07) PDEs in connection with biology, chemistry and other natural sciences (35Q92)
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